兽类学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 94-102.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150207

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拉沙山黑白仰鼻猴食用竹叶的化学成分分析

李途 刘莉莉 王双金 李青青 陈粉粉 杨亚晋 郭爱伟 崔亮伟   

  1. (1 西南林业大学生命科学学院,昆明  650224)
    (2 玉溪市委党校,玉溪  653100)
    (3 西南林业大学生物多样性保护与利用学院,昆明  650224)
    (4 中国三江并流区域生物多样性协同创新中心,大理  671003)
  • 出版日期:2019-01-30 发布日期:2019-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 郭爱伟E-mail: g.aiwei.swfu@hotmail.com; 崔亮伟 E-mail: cuilw@eastern-himalaya.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目 (31772474, 31560118);云南省优势特色重点学科生物学一级学科建设项目 (50097505);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人培养项目 (2015HB047,2014HB024)

Chemical analysis of leaves of Fargesia edulis and Fargesia dura fed on by black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys in Mt. Lasha, Yunnan, China

LI Tu, LIU Lili, WANG Shuangjin, LI Qingqing, CHEN Fenfen, YANG Yajin, GUO Aiwei, CUI Liangwei   

  1. (1 College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China )
    (2 Municipal Party School, Yuxi 653100, China)
    (3 Faculty of Biodiversity conservation and utilization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China )
    (4 Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali 671003, China)
  • Online:2019-01-30 Published:2019-01-18

摘要: 黑白仰鼻猴常年采食竹类叶片,竹子是其重要的食物资源之一。本文通过对拉沙山黑白仰鼻猴生境中空心箭竹和马斯箭竹竹叶化学成分进行分析,探讨其采食原由。2011年3月至2012年2月,共采集了21份竹子样品,分析其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖、粗纤维、灰分、钙和总磷等化学成分。结果表明:两种竹叶的选择主要受高钙、高能量和低Ca/P的影响。尽管空心箭竹与马斯箭竹的化学成分无差异,但是影响黑白仰鼻猴食物选择的主要因素有所不同,这可能与竹子化学成分的季节性变化有关。结合前人对该猴群非竹类食物的研究结果,黑白仰鼻猴采取了在满足蛋白质、脂肪等常量营养物质需求基础上优先保证磷、钙和能量摄入的觅食策略。竹类等猴群重要食资源应该受到重点保护,同时也是未来食物资源恢复的首选物种。

关键词: 黑白仰鼻猴, 马斯箭竹, 空心箭竹, 化学成分, 食物选择

Abstract: Bamboo is one of the main foods of black-and-white snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti). This study is designed to reveal principal chemical components of two bamboo leaves (Fargesia edulis and Fargesia dura), which influence their choice. We collected twenty-one samples of bamboos used by Rhinopithecus bieti at Mt. Lasha, Yunnan from March 2011 to February in 2012. The chemical composition (crude protein, ether extract, total sugar, crude fiber, ash, calcium and total phosphorus) of bamboo were determined from these samples. The results showed that choice of bamboo was mainly affected by higher percentage of calcium and gross energy, and lower ratio of calcium to phosphorus. Thus, the bamboo provides mineral elements required for the survival and reproduction of the monkeys, and is also an important food source of energy. Although there are no differences in the chemical compositions of the two kinds of bamboos, the main factors affecting their choice is different. This may be related to seasonal changes in their chemical compositions. Based on this and previous studies, Rhinopithecus biet prioritizes intake of phosphorus, calcium, and gross energy if macronutrients requirements for protein, ether extract, and others can be satisfied. Main food resources such as bamboo should be protected in the monkey's native habitat since it may be the preferred species of food resource recovery in its destroyed habitats in future.

Key words: Chemical composition, Fargesia dura, Fargesia edulis, Food selection, Rhinopithecus bieti