关键词: 东北虎, 笼养, 行为, 时间分配

Abstract: The activity rhythms of four captive Amue tigers ( Panthera tigris altaica) were observed in Harbin Zoo between April 1998 and March 2001. The behavioral ethogram was identified by all-occurrence sampling in the preliminary observation from March to April in 1998.Based on the preliminary observation , the behaviors of Amur tiger were recorded at 5 minute interval using instantaneous scanning sampling method from April 1998 to March 2001.The results indicated that sleeping , resting , moving , eating , and other activites had 53.13 % , 22.05 % , 19.57 % , 2.27 % , and 2.98 % respectively in the 24 h time budget for the captive Amur tigers during the study preiod. Drinking , eliminating , grooming , sniffing , playing and standing were considered as other activities in this study. The patterns of activity rhythms of captive Amur tigers did not show any seasonal difference. Two activity peaks were revealed in sleeping , moving , and resting during 24 h cycles with differences in onset time and duration. The peaks of sleeping were recorded at 10 : 00 - 14 : 00 and 20 : 00 - 06 : 00 ; moving at 05 : 00 - 10 : 00 and 14 : 00 - 17 : 00 ; andresting at 05 : 00 - 10 : 00 and 13 : 00 - 20 : 00.Only one peak of eating was found at 16 : 00 - 20 : 00. The duration of sleeping of Amur tigers in winter (December to February) was significantly increased during night time and was significantly decreased during the daytime comparing with other three seasons.

Key words: Amur tiger ( Panthera tigris altaica), Captivity, Behavior, Time budget