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湖南等三地区东方田鼠遗传特性的分析比较

谢建云 潘漪清 邵伟娟 王胜昌 高诚   

  1. 上海市实验动物质量监督检验站, 上海
  • 出版日期:2006-08-16 发布日期:2008-07-07

Analysis and Comparison of Hereditary Features of Field Vole ( Microtus fortis) from Three Different Regionsield

XIE Jianyun  PAN Yiqing  SHAO Weijuan  WANG Shengchang  GAO Cheng   

  • Online:2006-08-16 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: 用染色体G带核型分析、生化位点、随机扩增多态性DNA (RAPD) 标记等方法, 对湖南洞庭湖湖滨、宁夏青铜峡市农田和黑龙江伊春市金山屯草甸3 个地区的东方田鼠遗传特性进行了分析。结果表明, 湖南和宁夏地区东方田鼠染色体数均为2N=52 , 黑龙江东方田鼠染色体数则为2N=42; 生化位点结果显示3 个地区的东方田鼠均呈遗传非均一性; 湖南、宁夏和黑龙江鼠的个体间RAPD 遗传距离分别为0.244 (0.143~0.353) 、0.226(0.161~0.294) 、0.541 (0.357~0.692) 。湖南和宁夏两地区鼠种群间的遗传距离为0.367 , 湖南和宁夏鼠杂交一代与其亲代的RAPD 遗传距离在0.310 以下; 但黑龙江鼠与湖南和宁夏鼠种群间的遗传距离分别为0.619 和0.633。总的表明, 3 个地区的东方田鼠均呈遗传非均一性, 但湖南与宁夏鼠在染色体、生化位点和RAPD 标记等方面都具有相似性, 并可杂交, 而黑龙江鼠与其它两地的鼠不能杂交, 且黑龙江鼠在遗传特性方面与前二地鼠有很大差异, 因而后者的“种”级分类地位值得进一步研究。

关键词: 东方田鼠, 染色体, 生化位点, 随机扩增多态性DNA (RAPD) 标记, 遗传特性

Abstract: We use methods of chromosome G-band , biochemical markers , and RAPD markers of DNA to analyze hereditary features of Microtus fortis from a) lakesides of Dongting Lake , Hunan province ; b) field of Qingtongxia county , Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ; and c) grassy marshland of Jinshantun , Yichun county , Heilongjiang province. Results indicate that the chromosome number of voles from Hunan and Ningxia is 2N = 52 , while voles from Heilongjiang is 2N = 42. Results of biochemical sites indicate that the voles from these three regions are all non-even in heredity ; the individual RAPD genetic distance of voles from Hunan, Ningxia and Heilongjiang is 0.244 (0.143 - 0.353) , 0.226 (0.161 - 0.294) , 0.541 (0.375 - 0.692), respectively. The RAPD genetic distance of voles from Hunan and Ningxia is 0.367 , while the genetic distance of the first hybridized generation (Hunan and Ningxia) and their parents is under 0.310 ; but the genetic distance between voles from Heilongjiang and voles from Hunan and Ningxia is 0.619 , 0.633, respectively. In brief , the voles from these three different regions are all non-even in heredity , but voles from Hunan and Ningxia are similar in chromosome numbers , biochemical sites , and genome RAPD markers. The voles from Ningxia and Hunan may hybrid , while the voles from Heilongjiangcan't hybrid with the voles from the other two regions. The heredity of voles from Heilongjiang is quite different from voles of the other two regions , Thus its species position should be studied further.

Key words: Field vole (Microtus fortis), Chromosome, Biochemical sites, Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, Hereditary features