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发情交配期贺兰山岩羊的集群特征

李新庆, 刘振生, 王小明, 崔多英, 李志刚, 胡天华   

  1. 华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海
  • 出版日期:2007-03-17 发布日期:2008-07-07

Group characteristics of blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur)during rutting season in the Helan Mountains,China

LI Xinqing,LIU Zhengshen,WANG Xiaoming,CUI Duoying, LI Zhigang, HU Tianhua   

  • Online:2007-03-17 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: 2003 年和2004 年的11 ~12 月,采用样线法和全事件取样法研究了贺兰山岩羊的集群特征。共观察到岩羊715 群,共计2 473只。发情前期平均群大小3.5±2.8 只(n = 241),发情期平均群大小3.4±3.2 只(n =297)。发情前期与发情期雄性群、雌性群、雌雄群、混合群及母子群大小间均无显著差异。发情前期到发情期群类型组成差异极显著,发情期雌雄群、混合群和独羊比例显著上升;雄性群、雌性群和母子群比例显著下降。发情前期到发情期,雄性岩羊在雄性群、雌雄群、混合群和独羊中的分布差异极显著,成年雌性岩羊在雌性群、雌雄群、混合群、母子群和独羊中的分布差异极显著。发情期4 个年龄等级雄性在雄性群、雌雄群、混合群和独羊中分布差异极显著,4 个年龄等级雄性岩羊都倾向分布于混合群。

关键词: 岩羊, 集群特征, 发情交配期, 贺兰山

Abstract: Group characteristics of blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in the Helan Mountains during rutting season (November- December, 2003 and 2004) were studied by direct observation. We observed 2 473 blue sheep in 715 groups. We made 242 bservations of copulation. Male blue sheep were classified into four age classes:classⅠ(2.5-3.5 yr), class Ⅱ(4.5-5.5 yr), class Ⅲ (6.5- 8.5 yr) and class Ⅳ (≥ 8.5 yr) when possible. Mean group size was 3.5±2.8 during pre-rut period (November),and 3.4±3.2 during the rut (December). Group sizes of male, female,male-female, mixed, and mother-young groups did not differ (P>0.05) between the pre-rut and rut time periods. Percentages in male-female, mixed,and solitary groups increased (P<0.01) from pre-rut to rut periods, while percentages in male, female, and mother-young groups decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The proportion of male blue sheep of each age class in male groups, male-female groups, mixed groups and solitary groups was significantly different (P < 0.01). All four age classes of males tended to join in mixed groups.

Key words: Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur), Group structure, Helan Mountains, Rutting season