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四川地区猕猴线粒体DNA 控制区遗传多样性及其种群遗传结构

徐怀亮, 李地艳, 程安春, 姚永芳, 倪庆永, 曾文,毕风均, 杨泽霞, 陈孝跃   

  1. 动物疫病与人类健康四川省重点实验室,四川农业大学,雅安 625014
  • 出版日期:2010-08-31 发布日期:2010-03-02

Population genetic diversity and structure of Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) in Sichuan Province based on mtDNA control region sequences

XU Huailiang,LI Diyan,CHENG Anchun,YAO Yongfang,NI Qingyong,ZENG Wen,BI Fengjun,YANG Zexia,CHEN Xiaoyue   

  1. Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya’an 625014, China
  • Online:2010-08-31 Published:2010-03-02

摘要: :猕猴是最理想的医学实验灵长类动物,并且是国家二级保护动物。四川地区的猕猴数量多、分布广,全面了解其遗传背景对于该地区猕猴资源的保护与合理利用具有重要的意义。本研究对来自四川8 个地理种群的231个不同猕猴个体的线粒体DNA 控制区部分序列进行了测定和群体分析,发现了110 个变异位点(22. 49% ),定义了56 种单倍型,其单倍型多样性(h)平均值为0. 686、核苷酸多样性(π)平均值为0. 01483,种群总体遗传多样性较高;进一步分析表明,8 个地理种群间存在着明显的遗传分化(Fst = 0. 70412,P < 0. 05),种群间基因交流较低(Nm < 1);系统发育树显示,四川猕猴8 个地理种群的单倍型基本上成簇分布在系统树上,与地理位置呈现一定的对应关系,说明四川猕猴具有明显的系统地理分布格局。地理隔离和人类活动可能是促使四川猕猴种群分化的主要因素。

关键词: 猕猴, 地理种群, mtDNA 控制区, 遗传多样性, 遗传分化

Abstract: The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is widely used as a model primate in the laboratory,and wild populations
in China are protected under the wildlife protection act (Class II). In order to improve and develop conservation and
scientific management strategies an understanding of rhesus macaque population structure and genetic diversity within Sichuan,a province in which the species is numerous and widely distributed,is essential. To this end we sequenced the 489 bp mitochondrial D-loop of two hundred and thirty one Rhesus macaque samples collected from eight geographic regions within Sichuan. We found one hundred and ten (22. 49%) sites to be polymorphic and that the genetic diversity within Sichuan is high (mean haplotype diversity (h) = 0, 686, mean nucleotide diversity (π = 0. 01483). Further analysis revealed a significantly divided population within Sichuan (Fst = 0. 70412,P < 0. 05)and relatively low gene flow between the geographic locations sampled. Haplotypes were also found to cluster according to their sample region within the phylogenetic tree constructed,revealing an obvious molecular phylogeographic pattern in Sichuan rhesus macaques. We suggest that this population subdivision is the result of both long-term geographic barriers and human activity.

Key words: Genetic diversity, Genetic subdivision, Geographical population, mtDNA control region, Rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta)