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高原鼠兔挖掘活动对植物种的丰富度和地上生物量的影响

刘伟 李里 严红宇 孙海群 张莉   

  1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
  • 出版日期:2012-08-24 发布日期:2012-08-20

Effects of burrowing activity of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae)on plant species richness and aboveground biomass

  • Online:2012-08-24 Published:2012-08-20

摘要: 用空间序列代替时间序列的方法,分析了高原鼠兔挖掘形成的鼠丘上和鼠丘间植物群落物种丰富度、物种组成和地上生物量的变化,探讨鼠兔挖掘活动对植物群落的影响。结果表明:多年鼠丘上植物种类丰富度较高,分别比两年鼠丘和对照增加25. 0% 和17. 5% ;多样性指数变化趋势为对照> 多年鼠丘> 两年鼠丘,种的均匀度变化趋势为对照>多年鼠丘> 两年鼠丘;两年鼠丘和多年鼠丘、对照之间群落系数较低,分别为0.346 2和0.285 7,显示了它们在植物种类组成上存在较大差异;地上生物量变化趋势为多年鼠丘> 两年鼠丘> 对照,且多年鼠丘上植物地上生物量显著高于两年鼠丘和对照(F多年- 对照= 13.544 0,F多年- 两年= 11.768 2,P < 0. 05),分别增加了66.3% 和77. 8% 。高原鼠兔的挖掘活动有利于增加物种丰富度和自身的适应性,但就高原鼠兔栖息地植物群落而言,考虑到一定数量当年鼠丘的存在,地上生物量呈下降趋势。

关键词: 高原鼠兔, 挖掘活动, 种的丰富度, 种的多样性

Abstract: Using an approach of spatial sequence instead of temporal sequence,we analyzed the change in plant community species richness,species composition and aboveground biomass among plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae)mounds and nonmound( control),and explained the effect of burrowing activities of pikas on the plant community on mounds.The results showed that the plant species richness in the older mound increased by 25. 0% and 17. 5% respectively compared to the two-year mound and control. The trend of species diversity index was control > older mound > two-year mound,and species evenness was control > older mound > two-year mound. There were great differences in plant composition among the twoyear mound,the older mound and the control,and the community coefficients were 0.346 2 and 0. 285 7 respectively. The aboveground biomass of the older mound was significant higher than two-year mound and the control (F old mound-control = 13.544 0,F old mound-two-year =11. 768 2,P < 0. 05),and increased by 66.3% ,77. 8% respectively compared to the two-year mound and control. Burrowing activities of pikas favor an increase in species richness and the fitness to themselves,but in
terms of habitat plant community of pikas,taking a certain number new mounds into account,the aboveground biomass declined.