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Serological evaluation of the efficacy of the multivalent canine distemper attenuated live vaccines on giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

WANG Chengdong, YANG Songtao, WU Kaibo, GAO Yuwei, ZANG Zhihe, LUO Li, WANG Whengyu, WANG Tiecheng, YAN Yubao, HU Juan,YANG Zhi, LAN Jinchao   

  1. Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding,Chengdu 610081,China
  • Online:2008-09-04 Published:2008-07-07

犬瘟热弱毒疫苗对大熊猫的免疫效果评价

王成东,杨松涛,吴开波,高玉伟,张志和,罗娌,王承宇,王铁成,严玉宝,胡娟,杨智,兰景超   

  1. 成都大熊猫繁育研究基地,成都 610081

Abstract: 33 giant pandas consisted of different ages and sexes were vaccinated with a multivalent canine distemper attenuated live vaccines specialized for dogs according to a routine protocol. Blood samples were collected from each of the 33 individuals piror to vaccination and at 2 weeks,1 month,3 months,6 months,9 months and 11 months post-vaccination. Serological viral neutralization titers (VN) to CDV were determined by viral neutralization tests as well as recording the health data of all individuals throughout the vaccinal year. The results indicated:1)No side effects related to vaccination were observed, and this type of multivalent canine distemper attenuated live vaccines was safe for use in giant pandas. 2) 13 of 33 giant pandas including old ones,adult and sub-adult ones had existing pre-vaccination VN titers (≥1∶4). 3) Of the 4 old pandas,2 produced very low level of VN titers (≤1∶8)while the other 2 failed to produce post-vaccination VN titers (< 1∶4). 4) 9 of 15 adult giant pandas failed to produce post-vaccination VN titers, only 6 of 15 adult giant pandas produced very low level of post-vaccination VN titers (≤1∶2). 5) 8 of 9 sub-adult giant pandas produced very low levels of post-vaccination VN titers (≤1∶22),1 of 9 sub-adult giant pandas failed to produce VN titers (<1∶4). 6) All of 5 infant pandas produced post-vaccination VN titers that peaked from a range of 2 W to 1 M post-vaccination, and both the level and duration of these VN titers in infant pandas were significant higher or longer than those in old, adult and sub-adult pandas (P <0.05). Although 1 infant one had ever produced the highest level of VN titers (1∶127), all of the VN titers in 5 infant pandas had dropped dramatically (1∶16) in 3 months. It was concluded that these types of multivalent attenuated canine distemper live vaccines specialized for dogs in inadequate to stimulate giant panda to produce protective VN titers against CDV using to this routine protocol.

Key words: Canine distemper, Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Neutralization titer, Vaccine

摘要: 以国产犬用犬瘟热等六联弱毒苗接种33 只不同性别、不同年龄的健康大熊猫,分别采集每只大熊猫免疫前以及免疫后2 周、1 个月、3 个月、6 个月、9 个月、11 个月的血清样品,采用细胞中和试验测定犬瘟热病毒(CDV)中和抗体效价,并对接种疫苗后的所有大熊猫个体进行连续1 年的健康资料记录。结果表明,所有接种疫苗的大熊猫均未出现任何与疫苗相关的副反应,该疫苗接种对大熊猫是安全的;部分老年、成年和亚成年的大熊猫(13/33) 在疫苗接种前已经存在CDV 抗体(≥ 1∶ 4);2 只老年大熊猫在疫苗接种后仅产生低水平的CDV 抗体(≤1∶ 8),另外2 只老年大熊猫在疫苗接种后未产生CDV 抗体(< 1∶ 4 );部分成年大熊猫(9 /15)在疫苗接种后未产生CDV 抗体(<1∶ 4),仅部分成年大熊猫(6 /15)在疫苗接种后产生低水平的CDV 抗体(≤1∶22);部分亚成年大熊猫(8/9)在疫苗接种后能够产生低水平的CDV 抗体(≤1∶ 22),少数亚成年大熊猫(1 /9)在疫苗接种后未产生CDV 抗体(< 1∶ 4);幼年大熊猫(5 /5)疫苗接种后可产生CDV 抗体,2 周至1 月内达到高峰,CDV 抗体水平和持续时间都明显高于老年、成年和亚成年大熊猫(P < 0 05);少数幼年大熊猫(1 /5)疫苗接种后CDV 抗体达到1∶ 127,但3 个月后所有幼年大熊猫CDV 抗体就陡然下降(≤ 1∶ 16)。由此表明,在现有的免疫剂量和程序下,犬用犬瘟热等六联弱毒疫苗难以有效刺激大熊猫产生CDV 中和抗体。

关键词: 大熊猫, 犬瘟热, 中和抗体, 疫苗