Abstract: In order to provide a reasonable feeding proposal for captive giant pandas in Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding,we collected feeding data of 10 adult giant pandas (5 males and 5 females)during the past 4 years,observed foraging behaviors of 3 male adults for more than 1 year,and analysed nutrients and total flavonoids of food supplied. The results indicated that the giant pandas ingested about 10 main food bamboos and 3 bamboo shoots,and most preferred for Bashania faberi (the feeding duration was 232. 5 days),followed by Phyllostachys nidularia (the feeding duration was 134.5 days)and then by shoots of Qiongzhuea opienenss,Phyllostachys nidularia and Chimonobambus quadrangularis(the total feeding duration was 114. 7 days)． Judging from bamboos ingested and their seasonal foraging habits,giant pandas have developed relatively stable diet selection. The nutrient content of feeding bamboos has a certain regularity:the crude protein,crude fat,protein to energy ratio,calcium and total flavonoids concentrations of bamboo leaves were the
highest,but dry matter,crude fiber and phosphorus contents of branches and stems were the highest. We found that palatability,nutrient composition and content of total flavonoids of the main food bamboos are confirmed as the main factors influencing diet composition of captive giant panda at the research base．

Key words: Diet composition, Giant panda, Main bamboo, Nutrient, Total flavonoids

摘要： 为了探讨圈养大熊猫主食竹食谱组成及主要影响因素，并为圈养单位提供科学合理的食物营养配比和饲养管理建议。本研究通过对成都大熊猫繁育研究基地１０ 只成年大熊猫４ 年（２００９. ０３ －２０１３.０２）的饲养数据，３只成年大熊猫１ 年（２０１２. ０７ －２０１３. ０６）的觅食行为观察数据，以及投饲的３ 种竹笋和５ 种主食竹常规养分和总黄酮含量的统计分析。结果发现，基地圈养大熊猫偏好竹笋，喜食巴山木竹叶、白夹竹茎和苦竹茎，随机采食箬竹叶和刺竹茎；基地大熊猫根据投饲竹种类和季节的变化，形成了较为稳定的食谱组成；对投饲竹各部位成分比较分析发现，投饲竹养分含量的变化呈现出一定的规律性：其中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、蛋白质和能量比都以竹叶最高，竹枝次之，竹茎最低；干物质和粗纤维的含量则以竹茎最高，竹枝次之，竹叶最少；竹茎和竹枝呈现钙少磷多的现象，而竹叶则是钙多磷少；各投饲竹不同部位总黄酮含量以叶中最高，枝中其次，茎中最低。研究结果表明，圈养大熊猫主食竹食谱的选择遵循能量和营养学的规律，选择适口性强、营养价值高的食物假说。

关键词: 大熊猫, 主食竹, 营养成分, 总黄酮, 食谱