Abstract: This study focused on the effects of annual net primary productivity of forest ecosystem and habitat complexity of Huanglong Nature Reserve on the species diversity of small mammals. We divided Huanglong Nature Reserve into four census sites every 500 meters from the elevation of 2 000 meters , at 2 000 - 2 500 meters , 2 500 - 3 000 meters , 3 000 - 3 500 meters and over 3 500 meters respectively. The average annual net primary productivity of the forest ecosystem of each site was 24.9 MJ / (m²·a) , 21.5 MJ / (m²·a) , 17.5 MJ / (m²·a) and 14.1 MJ / (m²·a) respectively. The landscape of the sites in 2 000 - 2 500 meters and 2 500 - 3 000 meters were less complex , while the landscape of the remaining two sites were much more complex. These latter two sites vary a lot and is full of rocks covered with thick moss and many fallen trees. Over 500 snap traps were placed in each site during July and August 2001 and 200 small mammals were captured. The biomass of small mammals of each site was 661.0 g , 487.3 g , 451.7 g , 205.8 g per hundred snap traps respectively with species richness of 12 , 10 , 10 , 2 and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index as 3.04 , 2.81 , 3.06 and 0.75 respectively. The results indicated that there was close relationship between annual net primary productivity and habitat complexity and species diversity of small mammals. The species richness decreased with the reduction of the productivity of forest ecosystem. Similar relationship also existed between the productivity and habitat complexity and the biomass of small mammals. The species diversity of small mammals keeped a relatively high level in a complex habitat when the productivity was in a certain range. However , if the productivity was low enough it will become the limited factor for the species diversity of small mammals.

Key words: Forest ecosystem, Annual net primary productivity, Habitat complexity, Small mammal, Diversity

摘要： 本研究主要探讨黄龙自然保护区森林生态系统年净初级生产力水平和栖息地复杂程度对小型兽类物种多样性的影响。将调查区按海拔高度分为4 个调查点,每点的年净初级生产力水平各不相同,分别为: 24.9 MJ / (m²·a) ; 21.5 MJ / (m²·a) ; 17.5 MJ / (m²·a) 和14.1 MJ / (m²·a) 。在选择调查点时,同时考虑栖息地复杂程度,在生产力水平较高的调查点选择栖息地复杂程度较低的地点,而在生产力较低的调查点选择栖息地复杂程度较高的地点调查,以便分析森林生态系统年净初级生产力水平与栖息地复杂程度对小型兽类物种多样性的影响。采用鼠铗捕获小型兽类。结果表明,小型兽类物种多样性与森林生态系统年净初级生产力水平有密切关系,随着海拔升高,森林生态系统年净初级生产力的降低,所捕获的小型兽类生物量随之降低,其物种多样性也随之下降。小型兽类物种多样性也与栖息地复杂程度有关,森林生态系统年净初级生产力水平在一定范围内,大于17.5 MJ / (m²·a) ,栖息地复杂度的增加可以降低年净初级生产力水平对小型兽类物种多样性的影响。然而,森林生态系统年净初级生产力水平降低到一定程度时,小于14.1 MJ / (m²·a) ,生产力水平则为影响小型兽类物种多样性的主要因子。此外,小型兽类的生物量与森林生态系统年净初级生产力和栖息地复杂程度也有类似的关系。

关键词: 森林生态系统, 年净初级生产力, 栖息地复杂程度, 小型兽类, 多样性