Abstract: Arboreal primates spend about half their lives at sleeping sites; hence, selection of sleeping sites and sleeping trees are crucial for individual survival. We collected data on sleeping sites and sleeping trees for a group of the endangered snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) at Xiaochangdu, Tibet, from June 2003 to March 2005. Sleeping sites were identified by keeping the monkeys in sight till they fall asleep. Sleeping trees were identified by feces on the ground in the sleeping sites. All sleeping sites were located in the conifer forest, with sunlight, wind shadow, and low altitude in winter. Sleeping trees were taller, larger in diameter at breast height, and had longer bottom branches than did non-sleeping trees. There was no significant difference in the height from the ground to the bottom branch between sleeping trees and non-sleeping trees. These results suggest that predation risk, thermoregulation and/ or climate stresses might be the main determining factors in the selection of sleeping sites for this temperate primate species.

Key words: Climate stress, Predation risk, Rhinopithecus bieti, Sleeping site, Thermoregulation

摘要： 树栖灵长类动物要在夜宿地度过半生以上的时光,因此选择合适的夜宿地及夜宿树对其存活尤为关键。影响夜宿地以及夜宿树选择的主要因素是逃避天敌捕食,但对于栖息在温带森林的灵长类而言,还必须面对低
温以及食物缺乏等因素的影响。2003 年6 月至2005 年3 月,采用跟踪猴群,记录夜宿地并依据地面粪便颗粒数确定夜宿树,在西藏红拉雪山自然保护区对小昌都滇金丝猴的夜宿地及夜宿树进行了研究。结果表明:在主要
研究时间段196 d 夜宿地记录中猴群使用了101 个夜宿地,使用2 次以上的夜宿地有67 个,夜宿162 d。夜宿地全部位于针叶林中,冬季夜宿地主要分布在向阳、背风和低海拔处。比较重复利用夜宿次数多与夜宿次数少的树发现:夜宿多的树高大,底枝长,而与底枝高没有差异。比较夜宿和不过夜的树发现:夜宿树高大、底枝长。这些特点表明小昌都猴群夜宿地及夜宿树的选择可能受到逃避天敌和体温调节的影响。

关键词: 夜宿地, 捕食压力, 气候胁迫, 滇金丝猴, 体温调节