Abstract: This paper presents a new subspecies of Maries flavigula, collected from Hainan Island, Guangdong Province, China, which we propose to name as:Martes flavigula hainana, subsp.nov.Holotype:No.066, abult female, collected on August 25, 1960, from Xinlong District, Hainan Island, Guangdong Province.Paratype: No.169, adult male, collected in Fabruary, 1957, from Dali district, Hainan Island, GuangdongProvince.The holotype is deposited at the Institute of Entomology of Guangtung province, Guangzhou. And the paratype is deposited at Department of Biology of Fudan University, Shanghai.Diagnosis: This subspecies is a very small type of M.flavigula in China. Head and body 560mmand 450mm in length.The skull 92.4mm and 88mm at it greatest length.The upper surface hairs of body dark rufous-brown and underparts light-rufous in color.The head more or less similar to the back,but the back of two ears have dark slender stripes about 10mm in width and about 50mm in length(Table 3).The skull shows no important differences with the M.f.flavigula and M.f.aterrima, except its small size. The crista temporalis swelled and became wide. The tips of zygomatic process is postior carue, the palatine-processus spinosus scarcely occur and the edge of palatine is glossily arch. The inner edge of upper moler (M¹) is about 10% larger than that of outer edge.Distribution: Also confined to the Hainan Island.Specimens examined M.f.flavigula 6♂♂ 18♀♀ collected from Yunnan,, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian, Shanxi. M.f.aterrima l♂4♀♀ collected from Heilongjiang, Jilin. M.f.hainana about 50 skins from the Hainan Island.