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高原鼠兔的家庭结构

梁杰荣   

  1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
  • 出版日期:2011-11-22 发布日期:2011-11-22

FAMILY STRUCTURE OF PLATEAU PIKA (OCHOTONA CURZONIAE)

LIAJNL Jierong   

  1. Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Academia Sinica
  • Online:2011-11-22 Published:2011-11-22

摘要: 哺乳动物的配偶制度,有的是单婚(monogamy)即一夫一妻制,有的是复婚(polygamy)即一妻多夫或一夫多妻制,在婚配育幼阶段有一定的家庭组织,有的还有社会(社群)组织,这些在鳍脚类、有蹄类和灵长类中比较常见,但在小型兽类中则多为杂婚,无固定配偶,由母兽育幼,幼兽独立生活后即行分离。我们研究高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)时,发现它们似乎有家庭结构,遂进行了一些观察,今将结果报道如下。

Abstract: This work was carried out in the Alpine Meadow Ecosystem, Research Stataion of Menyuan, Qinghai, during 1978 to 1979. The specimens were collected by recognizing the burrow colonies first, and then trapping all the animals in them.The materials were analysed and the follwing results were attained;1. In breeding season, the plateau pika has family structure. 2. The structure may be considered in four patterns:(l) The family consists of one adult female and one adult male:(2) One adult female and one adult male with their offsprings:(3) One adult female and its offsprings; (4) One adult male and its offsprings.3. In June, the family members of plateau pika are composed of 2 to 10 animals, average 5.2. Some offsprings begin to segregate from the family at that time.4. Family formation of the plateau pika has seasonal changes.5. In non-breeding season, the plateau pika has solitary life.6. The plateau pika may belong to monogamous species.