Abstract: Six species of Apodemus in China are revealed, through a review of literatures ard a study of a great deal of specimens.A. sylvaticus,distributed in the western border of China, is related to the European and Middle Asian form,the other 5 Species, Viz A. draco, A. pensinsulae, A. latronum, A. chevricri and A. aprarius, are widely distributed in eastern and middle China. They all cccur in Hengduan Mountain, i. e, the area including western Sichuan, eastern Xizang and Yunnan. I think, this area may be one of the places of origin of the present genus. The complicated environments, especially the Violent changes in altitude provide conditions of survival for different species.Originating from this area, in the subgenus Sylvaemus, A. draco is distributed to Taiwan Province, it may have got into Japan through Ryu-Kyu northward, and have certain relation with A. agenteus. In the north, A. peninsulae is distributed to Korea and Siberia ar.d from Siberia to Sakhalin and to Hokkaido where it exists as A. P. glliacus; and from Korea it might come to Honshu where it developed to be A. speciosus. In the subgenus Apodemus, A. agrarius might be formed too late, although it occurs in Taiwan, it did not get into Japan. A. chevrieri and A. latronum has never reached the seashore provinces.