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小良热带人工阔叶混交林中屋顶鼠施氏亚种的食性及其生态学意义

廖崇惠, 陈茂乾   

  1. 广东省昆虫研究所
  • 出版日期:2011-11-23 发布日期:2011-11-22

THE FOOD HABITS OF THE ROOF RAT(Rattus rattus slandeni) AND THE ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN THE TROPICAL CULTIVATED BROAD-LEAF MIXED FOREST AT XIAOLIANG

LIAO Chonghui, CHEN Maoqian   

  1. Guangdong Entomological Institute
  • Online:2011-11-23 Published:2011-11-22

摘要: Rattus rattus slandeni的食性资料是在小良人工阔叶混交林中通过200个鼠箱观察残留食物的方法收集到的。屋顶鼠摄食植物39种,主要为果实、种子部分,并大量捕食金龟子、蝉和蝗虫等昆虫,偶尔捕食小脊椎动物。植物性和动物性两大类残食的总出现率相近,5—10月以动物性食物为主,11—4月以植物性食物为主。该鼠搬运和遗弃果实、种子的行为,有助于植物种类的传布,大量捕食害虫,有利于该系统的生态平衡,故对其益害问题应作客观评价。

关键词: 屋顶鼠施氏亚种, 食性, 生态学, 鼠箱, 残食观察, 捕食性

Abstract: The research place is located in west seaboard of Guangdong Province. The roof rats is a natural population. The forest is composed of a lot of plant species. 200 rat boxes have been set on trees within 3 ha. area of centrical range of the cultivated broad-leaf mixed forest. Remaining foods in the boxes have been observed.The food of roof rats consists of 39 species of plants including fruits, nuts, seeds, tree, shrub, vine and herb, and 19 kinds of animals including terrestrial molluscs,vertebrate and a large quantity of insects. The frequency of occurrence of plant food and that of animal food in the rat boxes, are almost equal. The animals become main food in summer and autumn, and the plants become main food in winter and spring. We believe the R.r.slandeni could control insect pest of forest, because it has the ability to catch and feed a lot of insects.

Key words: Roof rat, Rattus rattus slandeni, Food habit, Ecology, Rat box, Observation of remaining food, Catch-feed habit