关键词: 猕猴, 自然种群, 繁殖, 生物学对策

Abstract: The rhesus monkey (Macaco mulatta) of free-ranging at Nanwan Peninsula of Hainan Island were researched on the reproduction in nature from 1981 to 1985. The season of oestrus and copulation lasted for four months from Nov.to next March. The birth period also lasted for four months from April to August and gestation about 177 days.About 70% monkeys reaching birth age reproduced every year and the others reproduced one or two times in three years. The intervals observaed between two births were 294 to 441 days (mean 362±16). From 1978, the reproduction rate was higher in one year and then lower in the next year by 53.8%-100%,(mean 77.8%). The females sex mature at three or four years old, about 38% of whieh were pregnant at 3.5 years old and gave birth at 4 years old. All the females can reproduced at five years old. The sex ratio of newborns was 1.37 + 0.70 (♀ : ♂) and its mortality rate very low.

Key words: Rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta, Nature population, Reproduction, Biological countermeasure