关键词: 林麝, 种群密度, 粪堆计数法

Abstract: The population densities of forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) were studied in different habitat-types and altitude-ranges in natural reserve and non-reserve area in the Northwest of Sichuan Basin from October 1986 to May 1987.The following conclusions were obtained from analysis of the field censusing data. 1. In natural reserve, the population densities (M±S.E.) of forest musk deer in primeval forest, secondary arbor forest,secondary shrub forest and the optimum habitat were 3.94±1.57, 1.55±0.23, 0.61±0.22, and 9.88(ind/km²) respectively, and no forest musk deer was found in artificial forest. The population density of forest musk deer in secondary shrub forest is significantly lower than these in primeval forest and secondary arbor forest (P<0.05).2. According to the results of survey and local vegetation conditions, the estimative figures of the optimum density of forest musk deer in primeval forest, secondary arbor forest, secondary shrub forest, and the whole non-reserve area of North-West Sichuan Province, were 3.5-5.0,2.5-3.5,0.5-1.5,and 1.5-2.5 (ind/km²)respectively.3. In non-reserve area, the population density(M±S.E.) of forest musk deer in secondary arbor forest was 0.15±0.09 ind/km². It is significantly lower than the one in seconeary arbor forest of natural reserve (P<0.005). It is too low to have the hunting value. In case of no hunting activities it will take 6-7 years to restore to 1.5-2.5 ind/km². (the estimative figure of the increasing rate of forest musk deer is 49.8%), and then may be hunted. Numbers of hunted musk deer must not surpass 60% of ths total breeding numbers (or 20% of the numbers of the total population).4. The main factors which influence the horizontal distribution of forest musk deer are vegetation type, arbor and shrub density, and ground-hardness. The altitude-range of distribution of forest musk deer is limited by the vertical distribution of vegetation and the degree of human disturbance.

Key words: Forest musk deer, Mosckus berezovskii, Population density, Pellet group count