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黑河林区驼鹿的食物组成及其季节变化

于孝臣, 萧前柱   

  1. 黑龙江省野生动物研究所,哈尔滨
  • 出版日期:2006-07-27 发布日期:2007-09-14

THE FOOD COMPOSITION AND SEASONAL CHANGE OF THE MOOSE IN HEIHE FOREST AREA

YU Xiaochen, XIAO Qianzhu   

  • Online:2006-07-27 Published:2007-09-14

摘要: 1987-1988年在黑龙江省黑河林区,对驼鹿(Alces alces)食物组成的季节变化,采用粪便显微组织学分析方法和利用法进行了研究。结果表明,驼鹿食物包括54属70余种植物,其中木本植物占59%,草本植物占41% ,枝叶类食物是驼鹿全年的主要食物,在2~3月食物组成中所占比例最高这99.9%,4月以后逐渐降低,至8月降到最低点为65.3% 。在枝叶类中,柳、榛、桦和杨树是驼鹿最重要的食物。枯落叶在5月和10月食物组成中过最高比例,分别为19.9%和22.4%。单子叶和双子叶类食物在8月食物组成中这到最高点, 分别为8.9%和25.8%。

关键词: 驼鹿, 食性动态, 季节变化

Abstract: The dynamics of the food-habits of the moose(Alces alces)we studied with the microhlstologlcal analysis technique of the feces in Heihe forest area from 1987-1988.
The results showed that 54 genera(over 70 species)plants are used through the year. wood plants constitute 59 and other plants coustitute 41%. Browse is the most importance food of moose diet. it is eaten the highest in Februasy to March(99.9%)and begin to reduce from April, the proportion of browse is the lowest in August(65.3 %).
salix spp.,Coryus spp.Betula spp.and Populus davidiana are importance browse food of moose,the average in year diet is 18.7% ,15.8%,12.2% and 9.4% respectively. Use ot leaf litter isthe highest during May and October(19.9 % and 22.4% ). Use of grass and sedge is the highest in August (7.76 %). Use of forbs is mainly in summer. the amount in the diet is the highest in August(25.8% ).

Key words: Moose(Alces alces), Food habit dyaamics, Seasonal change