关键词: 马鹿, 鹿群大小, 鹿群类型

Abstract: The9 groaping behavior of red deer(Cervus elaphus xanthopygus)in 112 groups were observed from December，1985 to August，1990 in Dailing Forestry area and Wanda Mountains，Heilongjiang province． The deer group size were 2 to19 individuals and averaged 3.55 ind. Ihe deer group changes obvious1y in various seasons. Three types of grouping included the cow-calf group, male group and mixed group．The cow-calf group was main group type, which proportion(26%-53% )of grouping was larger in each seasons，and division the cow-calf group into small units was higher in calving and lactation periods，yet lower in the gestation period．The male group was stable in a year．The mixed group varies get different seasons, each group averaged 4.58 ind., it was the largest group for three deer grouping types．

Key words: Red deer(Cervus elaphus xanthopygus ) Group size, group type