关键词: 大熊猫, 放牧, 竹类, 生境选择

Abstract: Impact of grazing on giant pandas'habitat was studied at Yele Nature Reserve , Sichuan in 2001. Forage ratio selection index is used to assess the bamboo utilization of both giant pandas and grazing. Among 482 sampling spots of our survey , panda traces at 54 sampling spots , grazing at 159 sampling spots were recorded. We use bamboo coverage , height , growth status , density and elevation to characterize habitats of both the giant panda and livestock and sort grazing intensity into intensive , medium , and weak. The results of analyses of Forage ratios , contingency tables and Pearson correlation suggest that a) the giant panda preferred to habitats of 2 - 3 m height bamboo , bamboo coverage of 50 % - 100 % , better bamboo growth status at elevation of 2 870 - 3 900 m; b) livestock , occurring at elevation of 2 700 - 4 000 m , showed no preference the above factors ; c) at intensive grazing sampling spots no panda traces was found and bamboo coverage was less than 50 % at 80 % of sampling spots ; d) bamboo density and adult bamboo density were less at the sampling spots where grazing occurred than the sampling spots where giant pandas occurred , but proportion of dead bamboo individuals was higher than the sampling spots of giant panda , e) and with the presence of bamboo or not and bamboo coverage is dependent on grazing intensity ; f) giant panda avoid the grazing habitat1 It is concluded that grazing has definite impact on pandas’habitats and therefore it should take measures to control grazing activities in the nature reserve.

Key words: Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Grazing, Bamboo, Habitat selection