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高山姬鼠冷驯化过程中的能量收支

王蓓, 徐伟江, 姜文秀, 练硝, 蔡金红, 尹锡全, 王政昆   

  1. 云南师范大学生命科学学院,教育部生物能源持续开发利用工程研究中心,昆明
  • 出版日期:2007-12-11 发布日期:2008-07-07

Energy budget of Apodemus chevrieri during cold exposure

WANG Bei,XU Weijiang,JIANG Wenxiu,LIAN Xiao,CAI Jinhong,YIN Xiquan,WANG Zhengkun   

  • Online:2007-12-11 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: 为探讨栖息于横断山地区高山姬鼠的能量代谢特征,采用食物平衡法,在冷驯化条件下,对其能量收支进行了测定。分别测定了冷驯化(5 ± 1℃ ,42 d)过程中,高山姬鼠体重、体温、每日摄入能、消化能、消化率、粪便能及可代谢能、可代谢率的变化。结果表明:随着冷驯化时间的延长,高山姬鼠的体重和体温降低,28 d 时达到最低值后保持稳定,其中体重在冷驯化14 d 时即与对照组有显著差异,28 d 时平均比对照组降低了15.5% ,体温在14 d 后和对照组有显著差异。每日摄入能、消化能、可代谢能升高,三者均在冷驯化14 d 后与对照组有极显著差异,21 d 时达到最高后保持稳定。粪便能、消化率和可代谢率在冷驯化过程中没有显著变化。高山姬鼠在冷暴露过程中,通过降低体重减少绝对能量需求;通过降低体温减少用于维持体温恒定所消耗的能量;通过增加能量摄入维持正常的生理机能。高山姬鼠在冷驯化过程中表现出的变化模式,与其低纬度、高海拔、年平均温度较低的生存环境有关,这在一定程度上反映了横断山区小型哺乳动物在低温胁迫下的生存机制和适应对策。

关键词: 高山姬鼠, 冷驯化, 能量收支

Abstract: In order to understand the relationship between energy budget and ambient temperatures in Apodemus chevrieri, body mass,body temperature,energy intake,digestable energy intake,digestability,and metabolizable energy intake were measured during cold exposure (5 ± 1℃ ,42 d). Results showed that body mass and body temperature decreased to the lowest level after 28 days and then remained stable. After being kept in cold acclimation for 14 days,there was a significant difference between the cold-exposed and the control animals in body mass. Energy intake,digestable energy intake,and metabolizable energy intake increased and showed significant differences between the cold-exposed and the controls after 14 days acclimation,and then reached a maximum after 21 days. Digestability and metabolizable energy efficiency were not significantly different from controls. During cold exposure, Apodemus chevrieri can reduce absolute energy demands by reducing body mass,and increases energy intake,digestable energy intake and metabolizable energy intake to maintain the physiological function. These physiological adjustments in Apodemus chevrieri during cold exposure were related to the microenvironment
such as low latitude,high elevation,and lower average ambient temperature.

Key words: Apodemus chevrieri, Cold exposed, Energy budget