• 论文 •

### 贵州黔灵山公园半野生的猕猴的种群动态

1. （1贵州大学林学院，贵阳 550025）（2 贵州大学生物多样性与自然保护研究中心，贵阳 550025）（3 贵阳市黔灵山公园管理处，贵阳 550001）
• 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-11-27
• 通讯作者: 粟海军 E-mail: hjsu@gzu.edu.cn
• 基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（31860610）；贵州省科技联合基金项目（黔科合LH号[2015]7665号）

### Population dynamics of semi-free-ranging rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) in Qianlingshan Park, Guizhou, China

ZHU Yuan 1,2,  LU Zhiyuan 3, LI Da 3,  WANG Qi 3, SU Haijun 1,2

1. （1 College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China）
（2 Research Center for Biodiversity and Conservation of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China）
（3 Administration Office of Qianlingshan Park, Guiyang 550001, China）
• Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-27

Abstract:

Scientifically analyzing the population growth dynamics and determining its environmental carrying capacity for controlling the population?explosion?caused hazards, and it is very important for management of urban semi-free-ranging animals.In this article, the present population characteristics, population growth, environmental capacity, and the threat or hazards with respect to the semi-free-ranging rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) in Qianlingshan Park, Guiyang, Guizhou province, China, were all collected as follows.1) comparing the wild population, there are an over-crowed macaque population inhabited in a narrow area in this park with over-sized groups.Totally 1067 individuals belongs to 8 stable groups (group size：Min：47; Max：226，Mean±SD：133±67)
with 1.33 sex radio (♀/♂).The population density of whole park was 251 individuals per Km2, but it can reach to 2134 individuals per Km2 within the tourist routes and surrounding areas where the macaque inhabit.2) the population is grown rapidly with high reproductive potential.An exponential curve (annual growth rate is 8.08%; formula of exponential curve is ( y=30.6789*exp[(x-1987)/8.7894+ 64.0193) illustrated the population growth since 1992.The age structure of present population showed as Adults>Juveniles>Infants, but among them, there is a large amount of sexual maturity individuals, namely large effective population size, with 1.50 sex radio (♀/♂), so which means high reproduction potentiality of the entire population.3) The environmental capacity of population is 792 individuals according to the K-value calculated from Logistic curve of population growth  ( y=792/(1+2.8495E+183*exp-0.2104x), which is approximately approaching to a specific range of population size that will lead the frequency curve of injury accident caused by macaques into a stable duration at a high level.Additionally, the influence on floristic diversity caused by macaque was investigated. The field survey and monitoring of population showed that, the bio?diversity loss, conflicts between human and macaques, and public health risk could emerge frequently due to the over?sized population and its inhabitation at narrow areas. According to results, we can suggest that the population sized should be control under the value of K/2, namely 400, by the ways of birth control or macaques deliver in to other places, which would be reasonable for minimizing the relative hazards. This paper could be helpful for the macaque’s conservation management of Qianlingshan Park, as well as a useful reference for urban wildlife-human conflict management in other cities.