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夏季雌性藏羚昼间行为时间分配及活动节律

连新明, 张同作, 曹伊凡, 蔡振媛, 苏建平   

  1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁
  • 出版日期:2007-03-17 发布日期:2008-07-07

Diurnal behavioral time budgets and activity rhythm of the female Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsoni) in summer

LIAN Xinming, ZHANG Tongzuo, CAO Yifan, CAI Zhenyuan, SU Jianping   

  • Online:2007-03-17 Published:2008-07-07

摘要:
2003 至2005 年的6 ~ 9,采用目标动物观察法在可可西里观察夏季雌性藏羚的昼间行为。将雌性藏羚的行为分为觅食、警戒、卧息、移动和“其他”5 种类型,各类行为所占时间比例分别为59.1% 、7.3% 、19.4% 、13.0% 和1.3% 。觅食消耗的时间最多,是藏羚的常见行为,卧息、移动和警戒次之,而“其他”行为消耗时间最短。觅食、警戒、卧息和移动的累计时间在不同时段之间均存在显著(P<0.05) 或极显著(P< 0.01)差异。觅食行为存在3 个高峰,分别在10:00 ~11:00,13: 00 ~14: 00 和18: 00 ~19: 00;警戒的高峰期出现在早上08: 00 ~09 00,在15: 00 ~16:00 以及17: 00 ~18: 00 也分别出现小的高峰,但不明显;卧息行为表现为双峰形,分别为11: 00 ~12: 00 和16: 00 ~17: 00。移动行为也表现为双峰,出现在08: 00 ~09: 00 和15:00 ~16:00; “其他”行为在各时段间没有明显的变化趋势。

关键词: 藏羚, 可可西里, 夏季, 行为时间分配, 活动节律

Abstract: During June to September in 2003, 2004 and 2005, the ethogram (including foraging,vigilance, resting,moving and others) of the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsoni) in summer was formulated and then the diurnal activity budget and rhythm were studied by the focal-animal sampling in Hoh Xil region. During the day, the Tibetan antelopes spent 59.1% of time on foraging, 7.3% on vigilance,19.4% on resting,13.0% on moving and 1.3% on others. Kruskal-Wallis H tests indicated that difference in the accumulated times of foraging, vigilance, resting or moving among the periods of diurnal time were significant (P< 0.05) or extremely significant (P<0.01). The peaks of foraging were recorded at 10:00 - 11:00,13:00 -14:00 and 18:00-19:00 and those of vigilance were at 08:00-09:00,15: 00-16:00 and 17:00 -18:00. The rhythm trends of resting and moving were typically bimodal.

Key words: Activity rhythm, Behavioral time budget, Hoh Xil region, Summer, Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsoni)