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无线电颈圈定位数据应用于卧龙大熊猫移动规律的研究

刘雪华,王亭,王鹏彦,杨健   

  1. 清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京 100084
  • 出版日期:2008-09-04 发布日期:2008-07-07

Application research of radio-tracking data on giant panda movements in Wolong Nature Reserve,China

LIU Xuehua,WANG Ting,WANG Pengyan,YANG Jian   

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Online:2008-09-04 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: 本文分析了1981 ~ 1983 年卧龙自然保护区6 只大熊猫的无线电定位数据,结合DEM 高程数据,应用地理信息系统(GIS)工具进行了大熊猫的垂直移动(海拔变化)和水平移动(2 个相邻日的移动距离变化)规律研究。应用了“箱图” 法和Mann-Whitney U test 统计检验方法进行分析比较。结果显示:卧龙地区的大熊猫从每年的4 月份起从2 800 m以上的高海拔区域下移至2 600 m左右的低海拔区域,在较低海拔生活至6 月底,然后上移回到2 800 m的高海拔区域,表明大熊猫存在“季节性垂直移动”。大熊猫的2 个相邻日移动距离年平均值为550 m;在4 月份的水平移动距离最大,达到700 多米,而在夏秋季的水平移动距离较小,为400 m上下。本研究中的雌雄体大熊猫在移动形式(海拔变化、相邻日移动距离变化) 上存在差异,雌体大熊猫下移海拔变化较雄体明显,但相邻日移动距离却明显比雄体小。本研究结果可为野外大熊猫监测和保护工作提供科学依据。

关键词: 大熊猫, 卧龙自然保护区, 无线电定位, 移动规律

Abstract: It has always been interested that whether the seasonal movement of giant pandas exists and whether these movements are different in various mountains. This research was conducted based on the radio-tracking data of 3 male and 3 female giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Wolong Nature Reserve (NR)collected between 1981 and 1983. The tracking data were analyzed using geographic information system (GIS)and statistic methods to describe and explain the movement patterns (including seasonal vertical movement and horizontal movement over two consecutive days) of giant pandas in Wolong NR with combining DEM data. The statistic methods of box plot analysis and Mann-Whitney U test were applied for comparison study. Results showed that the giant pandas in Wolong NR moved from a higher elevation range of over 2 800 m above sea level to a lower elevation range of about 2 600 m above sea level in April and returned to the higher elevation range in the end of June. It shows obviously that the giant pandas in Wolong NR had a regular seasonal vertical movement. Horizontally,the giant pandas showed a monthly mean two-consecutive-days moving distances of approximately 550 m. The animals had a largest two-consecutive-days movement in April with a distance of 700 m,and maintained 400 m in summer and autumn. This research also showed that the male and female giant pandas had differences in moving patterns, like moving elevation and the distance between two consecutive days. The elevation change of female pandas’descending was more obvious than males, while their two-consecutive-days moving distance horizontally was significantly shorter than males. It was hoped that our research results would provide scientific supports to the monitoring and conservation of the wild giant panda and its habitat in Wolong NR.

Key words: Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Movement pattern:Radio-tracking, Wolong Nature Reserve