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秦岭川金丝猴1 至2 岁个体的社会玩耍行为

王晓卫, 齐晓光, 郭松涛, 李银华, 杨斌, 任轶, 李保国   

  1. 陕西省动物研究所,西安 710032
  • 出版日期:2011-05-27 发布日期:2011-03-02

Social playing of golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) from 1 to 2 years old in the Mt Qinling of China

WANG Xiaowei,QI Xiaoguang,GUO Songtao,LI Yinhua,YANG Bin,REN Yi,LI Baoguo   

  1. Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi’an 710032,China
  • Online:2011-05-27 Published:2011-03-02

摘要: 2009 年3 月至2010 年5 月在秦岭北坡的陕西周至国家级自然保护区玉皇庙,采用焦点动物取样法(Focal
animal sampling)和瞬时记录法(Instantaneous sampling) 对2008 年出生的5 只秦岭川金丝猴幼体(3♂、2♀)
的社会玩耍行为进行了研究。结果表明:1 - 2 岁的川金丝猴对其不同年龄—性别组的玩耍伙伴具有很高的选择
性,喜欢与单元内的青少年个体玩耍;其次喜欢与新生个体玩耍,与母亲、单元内主雄和其它成年雌性个体玩
耍的机会不多。另外,该年龄段的个体在玩耍中常采用追逐和摔跤的方式,采用接近、撕咬和其它行为的方式
均不高。雄性个体比雌性个体更常采用摔跤的行为方式,而雌性个体相比雄性个体更常采用接近等方式。在整
个观察期,社会交往性的玩耍行为频次未发现个体差异和性别差异。此外,这些个体玩耍频次的发育与年龄阶
段之间不存在线性相关。个体在这种行为的发育过程中不仅可锻炼身体、实践打斗技巧,建立社会关系,并且
能获得一定的认知能力。

关键词: 川金丝猴, 社会玩耍, 社会功能

Abstract: Between March 2009 and May 2010,we studied social play behavior of the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve on the northern slope of Qinling Mt. of China. Five juveniles (3♂, 2♀, born in 2008) were observed using focal animal sampling and instantaneous sampling with 5 min intervals. The results showed that preferred play partners of the focal subjects were juveniles, followed by infants, their mother, other adult females, and finally adult males. Chasing and wrestling were the most commonly exhibited play behaviors of focal subjects compared to approaching, biting and other play activities. Wrestling was more often adopted by male juveniles than by females, while females more often engaged in approach play behavior than males. No significant difference in sex or individual was found for the average frequency of play behaviors. In addition, frequency of behavior occurrence was not correlated with development stages. Social play in R. roxellana could function in enhancing physical fitness, fighting skills, social relationships, and cognition.

Key words: Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana), Social play, Social function