贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区及其周边区域鸟兽多样性红外相机监测对比

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150425

兽类学报

贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区及其周边区域鸟兽多样性红外相机监测对比

刘邦友¹ 张廷跃¹ 梁盛¹ 白小节¹ 刘伟^2,3

(1贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区管理局，赤水666303)（2中国科学院动物研究所农业虫鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101） ( 3中国科学院大学，北京100049)

出版日期:2020-09-30 发布日期:2020-09-27
通讯作者: 刘伟 E-mail:liuwei@ioz.ac.cn
基金资助:
生态环境部生物多样性保护专项（MM-2016-031）中央林业改革发展资金和中国科学院生物多样性监测与研究网络兽类多样性监测网运行经费

Comparison of birds’ and mammals’ diversities using camera-trapping survey in Guizhou Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas

LIU Bangyou ¹, ZHANG Tingyue ¹, LIANG Sheng¹, BAI Xiaojie¹, LIU Wei ^2,3#br#

(1 Administration Bureau of Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve, Chishui 564700, China)
(2 State Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China) (3 University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China)

Online:2020-09-30 Published:2020-09-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自然保护区的物种编目和常规监测是区域性和全国性生物多样性研究与监测的基础，而红外相机技术已被广泛应用于地栖鸟兽的物种编目和动态评估。本研究在贵州赤水桫椤保护区及其周边地区采用红外相机公里网格（1 km×1 km）法，选取保护区内2个样区和1个区外样区，每个样区内选取20个连续网格布设相机，系统开展鸟兽多样性监测。2016年12月至2019年12月，经过累积55 029个相机日的调查，获得动物和非工作人员的独立有效照片21 243 张，从中鉴定出野生兽类4目10科17属21种，鸟类6目13科29属34种。其中有8种为保护区的新纪录物种；所鉴定的兽类和鸟类中属国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物的分别为4种和8种；被列入《中国脊椎动物红色名录》易危（VU）的有8种、近危（NT）的有13种。相对丰富度指数（RAI）处于前三位的兽类依次是毛冠鹿（Elaphodus cephalophus）、小麂（Muntiacus reevesi）、藏酋猴（Macaca thibetana）；鸟类依次是紫啸鸫（Myophonus caeruleus）、灰胸竹鸡（Bambusicola thoracicus）、画眉（Garrulax canorus）。对比分析初步显示保护区内监测到的兽类物种数和多样性（香农-威纳）指数明显高于周边地区；核心区和缓冲区的鸟兽相对丰富度和多样性指数较实验区高；保护区内在700~1000m海拔带监测到的物种数（尤其兽类）较多，但 > 1 000 m的海拔带物种多样性指数最高。本次调查结果为保护区提供了重要的兽类和鸟类资源信息，也为促进保护区鸟兽编目和重要物种的生态学研究，以及优化管理对策、实现生物多样性长期监测和有效保护提供了数据支持。

关键词: 贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区, 功能区, 红外相机, 海拔梯度, 物种编目

Abstract: The biological inventory within established protected areas is fundamental for biodiversity research and monitoring at both regional and national levels. Infrared camera- trapping technique has been widely used recently for species inventories and related assessment of terrestrial vertebrates in protected areas across the world. We conducted a camera-trapping survey to investigate the inventories of mammal and bird within Guizhou Chishui Alsophila Reserve (GCANNR) and its surrounding areas. We totally deployed 60 camera traps in three sample plots (two in the Reserve and one in outside the Reserve) using continuous1 km×1 km grids. With a total of 21 234 independent images by an extensive survey effort of 55 029 camera-days during Dec. 2016 to Dec. 2019, we identified that 21 wild mammal species belonging to 4 orders,10 families and 17 genus, and 34 wild bird species belonging to 6 orders,13 families and 29 genus. Eight species were recorded firstly in GCANNR. There were 4 mammals and 8 birds categorized as class II nationally protected wildlife, or 8 and 13 species were listed as VU and NT species, according to the Red list of China's Vertebrates. Based on relative abundance index (RAI), the top three abundant mammal species were Elaphodus cephalophus, Muntiacus reevesi, Macaca thibetana, and the three most abundant bird species were Myophonus caeruleus, Bambusicola thoracicus, Garrulax canorus. Additionally, we found that the species richness and species diversity Shannon-Wiener index (H) of animals (especially mammals) in GCANNR are greater than those of surrounding areas of GCANNR, and these indexes of birds and mammals in the core zone and buffer zone of the Reserve are higher than those in the outer buffer zone. We also found that the species richness of mammals were higher in 700 – 1 000 m elevation range, while the diversity index (H) of birds and mamamls were highest in > 1 000 m elevation ranges. Our results provided important baseline information of bird and mammal resources for further biodiversity research, as well as for optimizing management strategies and realizing long-term survey and effective protection in GCANNR.

Key words: Guizhou Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve, Function zone, Infrared camera-trapping, Elevation gradient, Biological inventory

刘邦友张廷跃梁盛白小节刘伟. 贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区及其周边区域鸟兽多样性红外相机监测对比[J]. 兽类学报, DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150425.

LIU Bangyou, ZHANG Tingyue, LIANG Sheng, BAI Xiaojie, LIU Wei. Comparison of birds’ and mammals’ diversities using camera-trapping survey in Guizhou Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas[J]. ACTA Theriologica Sinica, DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150425.

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贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区及其周边区域鸟兽多样性红外相机监测对比

Comparison of birds’ and mammals’ diversities using camera-trapping survey in Guizhou Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas

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