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PRELIM INARY STUDY ON FOOD SELECTION AND FEEDING STRATEGY OF RED PANDAS

WEI Fuwen, WANG Wei, ZHOU Ang, HU Jinchu, WEI Yi   

  • Online:2006-07-29 Published:2008-07-07

小熊猫对食物的选择和觅食对策的初步研究

魏辅文,王维,周昂,胡锦矗,韦毅   

  1. 四川师范学院珍稀动植物研究所,南充

Abstract: Red panda's feeding strategy and bamboo biomass were studied in the Mabian Dafengding Natural Reserve in order to understand better how this herbivorous carnivore to adapt the special food—bamboo leaves.Among the three bamboo species.red panda prefers leaves and shoots of Qiongzhuea macrophylla to those of Bashania glauca,because the nutritive quality of the former is better than that of the latter.Pandas never feed on Chimonobambusa pachstachys due to the worst nutritive quality among the three bamboo species.Besides,the red panda also likes to select new leaves on the one or two years old stems.Daily energy requirement of a red panda is estimated 3 626.443 7 kJ, annual requirement 1.323 7×10 6kJ.Leaves of Qiongzhuea macrophylla per square meter can supply 2 850.09 kJ digestible energy.If a red panda only uses 1% of the total energy supplied by leaves per square meter,only 0.046 5 km2 bamboo leaves can meet the annual energy requirement of a red panda.

Key words: Red panda(Ailurus fulgens), Feeding strategy, Food resources

摘要: 作者在四川马边大风顶自然保护区对小熊猫的食物选择和觅食对策进行了研究,结果表明小熊猫喜欢选择在坡度较大,林木郁闭度适中,竹子生长良好,竹子密度适中,离水源较近的杜鹃一大叶筇竹林中活动觅食,喜食大叶筇竹竹叶和竹笋,偶食白背玉山竹竹叶和竹笋,不食刺竹。并且对大叶筇竹竹龄和竹叶也有明显的选择,喜食1、2年生竹龄或刚萌生的幼嫩竹叶。环境中每1m2的大叶筇竹竹叶能提供2850.09 kJ的能量,若按1 %的利用率计算,能提供28.5 kJ的能量,而小熊猫每天能量需求为3 626. 4437 kJ,全年共需1.323 7×l0 6kJ,即环境中每0.0465 km 2的大叶筇竹竹叶生物量能满足1只小熊猫全年能量的需求。

关键词: 小熊猫, 觅食对策, 食物资源, 生物量