Abstract: For develpment a PCR specifically amplifying DNA of tiger species , which could be applied to tiger species identification for doubtful samples or unable recognized products obtained in field investigation or forensic tests , mtDNA Cty b sequences of 5 tiger subspecies and 6 other cat species as well as 6 deer species were downloaded from Genbank , and compared by Wdnasis V2.5 software. Considering the essential doctrine of designing PCR primers , two regions in which all tigers share an unique hyplotype against other species were selected to design a pair of primers (Primer 1 , 2) to amplify a tiger Cty b fragment specifically. PCR tests were performed with DNAs extracted from muscle , visceral tissues , skins or hairs of Siberian tigers ( Panthera tigris altaica) , South-China tigers ( Panthera tigris amoyensis) and 6 other feline species and 6 non-feline species using this primer set. The results indicated that the primers are specific to tiger DNA and identification of tiger species by this means is accurate , sensitive , reproducible and reliable.

Key words: Tiger ( Panthera tigris), PCR, Species specific identification

摘要： 为了建立可对虎DNA 进行特异性检测的PCR 方法, 应用在野外调查中获得的虎疑似样品和保护执法工作中难以检查辨认的虎产品进行物种鉴定, 从Genbank 数据库下载5 个虎亚种及其它6 种猫科动物和6 种鹿科动物的mtDNA 细胞色素b 基因序列, 并用Wdnasis (V2.5) 软件对上述不同动物的该基因碱基序列进行比较。在此基础上, 综合考虑了设计引物的基本原则, 选择了虎与其它动物碱基序列上差异位点较多的两个片段, 设计出PCR 引物(引物1、2) 。用该对引物分别对从东北虎、华南虎及8 种猫科动物和6 种非猫科动物的肌肉、脏器组织、皮或毛发中提取的DNA 进行PCR (聚合酶链反应) 扩增。结果表明, 所设计的引物对虎DNA 具有特异性,从而达到了对该物种进行特异性检测鉴定的目的。

关键词: 虎, PCR, 物种特异性鉴定