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Life Table and the Rate of Natural Increase in Sichuan Sika Deer

GUO Yanshu, ZHENG Huizhen   

  • Online:2005-10-14 Published:2008-07-07

四川梅花鹿生命表和种群增长率的研究

郭延蜀 郑慧珍   

  1. 西华师范大学生命科学学院,南充

Abstract: During 1987 and 1989-1991,we marked 111(♂♂56,♀♀55) Siehuan sika deer(Cervus nippon sichuanicus) fawns (3-10 day old) with ear notches in Tiebu Nature Reserve,Siehuan,China,observed their survival from February 1987 through March 2004,and generated a population life table. The results are as follows: The oldest male deer was 14 years of age,the oldest female was 15. The sex ratio(♀:♂) of the young deer is 1:1,and of aduldt deer (5-6 years of age) was 3:1. The youngest reproductive age of female deer was 3- 4 years of age and the oldest age was 11- 12. Male deer gained the ability to control females at the age of 4- 5,and lost that ability after the age of 10- 11. Life expectancy for male deer at age 2- 3 was 5.111 and for female deer at age 1-2 was 6.148. The survival curve of the female deer resembled Odum's type A:survival of male deer resembled Odum's type B. Net reproductive rate (R0) was 1.228,rate of natural increase (r) was 0.031, and mean generation length (T) was 7.015. Females of ages 3-4 had the highest reproductive value.

Key words: Siehuan sika der(Cervus nippon sichuanicus), Life table, Rate of natural increase, Tiebu Nature Reserve

摘要: 1987年、1989—1991年四川梅花鹿产仔期,在四川省若尔盖县铁布自然保护区用耳缺法连续标记了111只(♂♂56,♀♀55)3~10日龄的四川梅花鹿幼仔,根据野外对这批标记仔鹿生长、繁殖、死亡的观察数据编绘出四川梅花鹿的生命表、存活曲线、死亡曲线、种群自然增长率和繁殖价。这批标记仔鹿中,雄鹿和雌鹿的最大寿命分别为14岁和15岁;初生仔鹿的雌雄性比为1:1,5~6岁时雌雄性比为3:1;雌鹿最早的产仔年龄为3~4岁,最晚产仔年龄为11~12岁;雄鹿最早在4~5岁时拥有雌鹿,10—11岁以后就都失去了曾占有的雌鹿群。雄鹿2 3岁时期望寿命最大为5.111,雌鹿1~2岁时期望寿命最大为6.148。雌鹿的存活曲线接近于Odum有关存活曲线的A型,雄鹿的存活曲线属B型。净生殖率、种群自然增长率和平均世代时间分别为1.228、0.031和7.015。雌鹿3—4岁时的繁殖价最高。

关键词: 四川梅花鹿, 生命表, 种群自然增长率, 铁布自然保护区