Abstract: The social group of Cervus nippon sichuanlcus is divided into matriarchal-family groups， reproduction-groups, aggregation groups male groups and solitary male deer. The matriarchal-family—groups disperse his groups into the nucleus- groups, mother-young—groups and solitary female deer in the birth season ．
The leader of herd is older female deer．The social hierarchic offemale deers is decided by age and physical condition．The mating system belongs to the polygyny of the female defense．
The female deer lives in the hereditary home range all its life．After 2～3 years old，the male deer is going to establish its own home range．The home range areas of the male deers were 2.69-4.85 km ²， those of the matriarchal-family-groups were 1.86-6.85 km^2.

Key words: Cervus nippon sichuanicus, Social behavior, Home range

摘要： 四川梅花鹿的社群可划分为聚集群、繁殖群、族群、雄鹿群和单雄个体。在产仔季节，族群则分散成核心群、母子群和单雌个体。鹿群的首领由年长体健的雌鹿担任。雌鹿的序位等级由年龄、体况等因素决定，它以温和的姿态维持所建立的系列等级序位。繁殖期，雄鹿通过角斗取得变配权，婚配制度属保卫雌性型一雄多雌制。雌鹿终身留居在世继的家域内，雄鹿2-3岁时被头鹿从族群中赶出，经流浪期后，建立起自己的家域。族群的家域为1.86- 6.58平方公里，雄鹿的家域为2.66-4.85平方公里。

关键词: 四川梅花鹿, 社群行为, 家域