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DAILY ACTIVITY RHYTHM AND TIME BUDGET OF GOLDEN TAKIN IN SPRING AND SUMMER

ZENG Zhigao, SONG Yanling   

  • Online:2006-06-27 Published:2008-07-07

秦岭羚牛的家域研究

宋延龄,曾治高,张坚,王学杰,巩会生,王宽武   

  1. 中国科学院动物研究所,北京

Abstract: The home range size of four takins (Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi) were determined by radio-tracking technique in Foping Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province from August 1995 to August 1996.The yearly home range size of the four radio-collared takins, M1,M2,F1,F2, were 50.1km2,35.2 km2,43.5 km2,98.5 km2 respectively, the mean size was 56.8 km2.Migratory behavior of the takins produced a great effect on their home range sizes. The mean size of home range in each season was varied for three radio-collared individuals (M1,F1,F2),26.9 km2 for summer,22.1 km2 and 11.1 km2for autumn and winter respectively. Food quality, availability and distribution in the study area were the partially explanation for the seasonal difference in home range sizes. The monthly mean size of the home ranges was 6.3±4.0 km2 (n=19), which is 4.1%-18.1% of the yearly mean home ranges. Subadult seemed to hold a large home range than that adult did in the study area. Social behavior related to ages might explain for that difference. Characters of topography was considered to produce affects on the home range sizes in the study area, too. Overlapping in home ranges of the four radio-collared animals was found, but the takins were never observed to appear in the overlapped area at same time. The radio-collared takins tended to use the relatively same home range at different year in the study area. No defense behaviors for the home ranges were recorded in the field during the study period.

Key words: Golden takin (Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi), Radio-monitoring, Daily activity rhythm, Time budget

摘要: 1995年8月-1996年8月,在陕西省佛坪自然保护区内利用无线电遥测技术对4只佩戴颈圈的羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi)的家域进行了研究。4只戴颈圈羚牛M1、M2、F1、F2的年家域面积分别为50.1km2 、35.2km2 43.5km2、98.5km2,平均56.8km2。羚牛的迁移习性对其家域大小有极大的影响。3只戴颈圈羚牛在春、夏、秋、冬4个季节中的平均家域面积分别为26.9km2、19.5km2、22.1km2和11.1km2,羚牛家域的这种季节性差异,主要与羚牛栖息地内食物资 源的质量、数量和分布的季节性变化有关。羚牛每月家域的平均面积为6.3±4.0km2(n=19),占年均家域面积的4.1%-18.1%。 羚牛的家域大小在个体之间也存在着一定的差异,亚成体F2 的家域明显地大 于成年个体的家域,年龄以及与年龄有密切关系的社会行为可能会导致家 域大小的个体差异。此外,地形的差别也可能对不同个体的家域大小有一定的影响。羚牛个体的家域间存在重叠现象,但对同一地区资源的利 用存在着时间和空间上的隔离。羚牛的家域相对比较稳定,但未见羚牛 有明显的领域行为。

关键词: 秦岭羚牛, 佛坪自然保护区, 无线电遥测, 家域