Abstract: Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus) have been studied since the establishment of a captive herd at the Dafeng Milu Nature Reserve, Jiangsu, in 1986. During calving season, we counted neonates every ten days. By dynamically monitoring and counting individuals in the captive-bred and the wild herds,we documented growth rates. We weighed individuals of differing ages and both sexes. The captive herd at Dafeng increased rapidly, from 39 reintroduced in 1986 to 706 in 2004. During this period, mean natality was 21.9% and mean net growth rate was 17.5% . This herd has produced a the 4th-generation (F4). Thirty-one individuals were released into the wild during 1998-2003,and the population numbered 41 in 2004. Mean natality was 16.3% and mean net growth was 9.0%.Two 2nd-generation (F2)individuals were born (1 each in 2003 and 2004). These results suggest that Père David's deer have adopted to the Yellow Sea coastal environment in northern Jiangsu. Human activity is an important factor affecting re-establishing the wild Père David's deer population.

Key words: Captive population, Jiangsu province, Père David, s deer (Elaphurus davidianus), Wetland, Wild population

摘要： 1986年至2004年,在苏北滨海湿地开展恢复麋鹿野生种群的研究。从每年的2月份开始,在麋鹿的产仔期按照每旬记录产仔数,直至产仔结束。逐年统计半散养和野生麋鹿种群结构。选择不同年龄阶段和不同性别的麋鹿进行称重,分析个体的身体发育程度。半散养麋鹿种群由1986年引进的39 头,发展到2004年的706 头,年均出生率21.7%,鹿群年均增长率为17.5%,现已繁殖了子四代;野生放养麋鹿由31 头增加到2004年的41头,年均出生率16.3%,年均增长率为9.0% ,且于2003年、2004年各产1 头完全属野生的子二代。产仔季节相由引进时的紊乱已调整至目前的规律性产仔。研究表明大丰麋鹿种群繁殖很成功,其寿命、行为、生理发育、繁殖周期等都较引进时发生了显著的变化,已完全适应了黄海湿地生态环境。人类活动干扰仍是影响麋鹿种群恢复的一个重要因素。

关键词: 麋鹿, 苏北滨海, 湿地, 野生种群, 散养种群