Abstract: Between May 2005 and May 2006 ,we studied the dominance hierarchy of provisioned Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) OMUs,by feeding superiority,at Yuhuangmiao village in the Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve in the north slope of Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi of China. The feeding superiority of each OMU was quantified by calculating a dominance index of 3 feeding parameters including feeding time, feeding frequency and feeding sequence in provisioned areas and the dominance hierarchy were ranked according to the number of dominance index. The results showed that LP (unit name) > JB > BZT > JZT > DB > PK > RX > FP. By comparison with a dominance index of aggression-submission using Spearman Correlation Test, the results of the two methods were extremely significantly correlated (R= 0.976, P < 0.001). Thus,the dominance index of 3 feeding parameters, in comparison with dominance index of aggression-submission, is feasible and easy in operation, which may facilitate the study of dominancy hierarchy in non-human primates under provisioning conditions of nature and captivity.

Key words: Dominancy hierarchy, Feeding parameters, OMU, Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana)

摘要： 2005 年5 月至2006 年5 月,对秦岭北坡周至国家级自然保护区玉皇庙地区一个人工投食川金丝猴群的取食规律进行了研究,选择该猴群各一雄多雌单元(OMU)下地并进入投食区的取食时间、取食次数、取食顺序这3 个参数,通过计算各OMU 取食时的优势指数量化其取食优势从而对该猴群8 OMU 的等级地位进行了判断,结果表明这8 个OMU 的等级地位为:罗盘单元> 甲板单元> 八字头单元> 井字头单元> 刀疤单元> 朋克单元> 瑞星单元> 方片单元。此外,通过Spearman Correlation Test 将该方法的研究结果与利用攻击- 屈服行为优势指数法得到的研究结果进行了比较,二者具有极显著的正相关关系(R =0.976,P < 0.001)。可见, 利用取食参数的优势指数法判断各OMU 等级地位具有一定的可行性,且比攻击- 屈服行为的优势指数法在操作上更为简易,并以此试图为野外投食及笼养条件下非人灵长类等级地位的研究提供一个方法上的参考。

关键词: 川金丝猴, 取食参数, OMU, 等级地位