Abstract: To study the relationships of sex ratios,the ratios of adults to subadults, pregnancy rates and litter sizes with population densities, a total of 7007 specimens of house mice (Mus musculus L.) were collected in Taxihe Region, Xinjiang, 1970-1973.It is clear that the population characteristics of house mice vary with densities. And there is an action of cooperation or restriction between them.Males comprise 42.99% in the whole house mice population. As a result of different growing stages of the house mice population, there are many variations in the sex ratios. The sex ratios of that year present a positive correlation with the population densities of the next year (r = 0.552, Y = 0.762X-24.13).The ratios of adults to subadults of that year are also closely correlated with the population densities of the next year (r= 0.738, Y = 6.35X + 4.6). 85-89% of the ratios of adults to subadults of house mice may be of optimal proportion value in age structure of the population.The pregnancy rates and litter sizes in female adults become highest before the population reaches the peak density of a year.In October of the same year, the pregnancy rates and the litter sizes are both negatively correlated with population density, r₁ = -0.699, r₂ = -0.729, Y₁ =29.607-0.290X, Y₂ = 59.717 - 5.634X.

Key words: House mouse, Mus musculus, Population characteristica, Sex ratio, Litter size, Pregnancy rate

摘要： 近年,关于种群特征的研究,当首推夏武平等(1982)对长爪沙鼠的种群动态及其调节的研究,国内对种群特征间关系的进一步探研尚不多见,而该工作对动物种群动态的预测是至关重要的。 小家鼠(Mus musculus L.)的种群特征包括诸多方面,如性比、年龄结构、胎仔数、怀孕率和身体大小等,它们的变化均与一定的种群数量相联系,今在过去工作的基础上作一些新的探求。

关键词: 小家鼠, 种群特征, 性比, 胎仔数, 怀孕率