Abstract: The age and body weight of Macaca mulatta had been judged through the measuring body weight and observing tooth sequence and teeth wear method.These Macaca mulatta (670)belongs to 23 populations,were captured from Jingdong County,Zhenyuan County and Ninglang County of Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2010.The composition of population age,sex proportion and the difference of body weight were investigated. Results showed that (1)sex ratio (♂:♀)of Macaca mulatta populations in Jingdong, Zhenyuan, Ninglang were 1∶ 1. 21,1∶ 1. 55,1∶ 1. 52,respectively; (2) more than 80% of the Macaca mulatta population were composed by juvenile,young and adult groups,which indicated the population is in the developing stage;(3)sexual dimorphism phenomenon was showed in adult group,the body weight of males was significantly higher than females (P < 0.01),especially in Ninglang regions where significantly higher than other two counties (P < 0.01). These three regions are at a higher fertility,showing a trend of development for Macaca mulatta in Yunnan resources protection and rational development and utilization to provide some basis,but also for understanding population structure and Yunnan wild Macaca mulatta growth and development law,the establishment of artificial breeding ofthe different regions (species,subspecies)Macaca mulatta germplasm characteristics database and further studies provide data to support the foundation.

Key words: Age composition, Macaca mulatta, Population, Sex ratio, Sexual dimorphism

摘要： 通过齿式及牙齿磨损情况判断年龄及称量体重的方法,对2004 年至2010 年间从云南景东县、镇沅县、宁蒗县三个地区捕获的23 群共670 只野生猕猴进行了种群年龄组成、性别比例及体重差异的调查。结果表明:(1)景东县、镇沅县、宁蒗县三地猕猴种群雄雌性别比分别为1∶ 1. 21、1∶ 1. 55、1∶ 1. 52; (2) 三个地区猕猴种群年龄结构稳定,幼年组、青年组和中壮年组的个体数量占整个种群数量的80% 以上,处于发展阶段;(3)三个地区猕猴种群体重到了中壮年后均出现雄性明显高于雌性(P < 0. 01)的性二型现象,同时,发现宁蒗县猕猴种群体重明显高于其他两个地区(P < 0. 01)。以上三个地区野生猕猴种群均处于较高生育高峰,呈现出发展壮大的趋势。本文为云南省猕猴资源的保护与合理开发利用提供一定的依据,同时也为了解云南省野生猕猴群体结构及生长发育规律,建立人工繁育的不同地域(种、亚种)猕猴种质特性数据库和进一步研究提供相应的基础数据支持。

关键词: 猕猴, 性比, 年龄结构, 种群, 性二型