Table of Content

07 July 2008, Volume 18 Issue 3

Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND HABITAT CHANGES ON DISTRIBUTION OF CHINESE WATER DEER ALONG THE COAST ARSA IN NORTHERN JIANGSU

XU Hongfa, ZHENG Xiangzhong, LU Houji

1998, 18(3):  161-167. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (510KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The effect on the history and current distribution of Chinese water deer by human activities and geographic changes was studies through reference the local history recording, visiting local hunter and field survey. The results showed that there are very large area of wetland that was suitable to deer survival along the coast of northern Jiangsu province in the history. The wetland along the coast was extended very fast because a large of amount sand that water of yellow River carried sunk there when Yellow River flowed into the sea through Hui He river that located northern Jiangsu province since 1128 AC. The extension of coast wetland was stopped after 1858AC when the yellow river come back Shan dong province which is its original place. The wetland was reclaimed since the beginning of 20 century as the human population increasing. The distribution of Chinese water deer has been shrinking very fast because a large of habitat was used for agriculture since 1920. The population in the coastal area of northern Jiangsu has already fragmental into several separate small subpopulation in recent 20 years. There are only four subpopulation, total number of deer less than 1500 animals survived in the area of habitat less than 100 km² in the coastal area of northern Jiangsu. The Chinese water deer will be extinct in nearly future in this area if no effective protecting measure is taken.

Select

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF SAMBAR’S WINTER HABTAT IN JINGGANGSHAN, JIANGXI PROVINCE

WANG Xiaoming, YING Shaoquan, SONG Yuzan

1998, 18(3):  168-172. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (270KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Drpartment of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062 Investigation on habitat of Sambar(Cervus unicolor dejeani) was conducted by transect method from October to December, 1996 in Jinggangshan, Jiangxi province. Analyzing 119 sambar’s tracks recorded within 134.3 km of transect length, the authors found that sambar preferred coniferous, evergreen broad-leafed, mixed coniferous and broad-leafed forest, especially coniferous forest. Seven ecological factors such as sheltering, slope aspect, slope position, slope, elevation, human distribubance, distance form water source were selected to test the influence on sambar’s winter habitat selection. Sheltering condition was significantly different among forest types(p<0.01), and the other factors were not different among forest types(p>0.05). the optimal winter habitat of sambar in Jianggangshan was coniferous forest, upper slope, distance form human disturbance greater than 1000m, distance from water source less than 400m.

Select

UNIPARENTAL FEMAIE CARE IN THE CHINESE WATER DEER AT WHIPSNADE WILD ANIMAL PARK, ENGLAND

ZHANG Endi

1998, 18(3):  173-183. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (576KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Parental care in the Chinese water deer(Hydropotes inermis)is a uniparental female care and its mother/offspring relationship was studied in Whipsnade Wild Animal Park, England between May and August 1993. Descriptions were given to establishing contact, visits and care periods, sucking of fawns, grooming of fawns, and the distance between the dam and its dependent fawn. Dams were observed only visiting their fawns four to five times daily. It was found that in the first stage of teat-seeking, the fawns generally directed their behavior toward incorrect parts of the dam’body, particularly the chest and throat region. In the early stages, nursing appeared to be initiated by the dam but after about one week of life the fawn was usually the initiator. The mean suckling bouts was 42.8±10.2s. the body care received by the fawn from the dam was often associated with suckling. When grooming, the dam licked every part of the fawn’s body but concentrated on the head（62.7%）and ano-genital region（13.9%）, followed by back（8.4%）, flank（7.2%）, breast（5.6%）, and neck（2.1%）. The difference in maternal investment towards different sexes of offspring is also discussed.

Select

MtDNA DIFFERENCE AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY AMONG MUSK DEER, CHINESE WATER DEER, MUNTJAK AND DEER

LI Ming, SHENG Hilin, Tamate H, Masuda R, Nagata J, Ohtaishi N

1998, 18(3):  184-191. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (425KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The study was on molecular phylogeny of musk deer, Chinese water deer, muntjak and deer comparing partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene among them. 367 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii), Chinese water deer (hydropotes inermis), muntjak(Muntiacus reevesi)and deer (Cervus unicolor) were sequenced by PCR and phylogenetic trees were contracted using neighbor-joining method and maximum parsimony method. Sequence divergence of cytochrome b was within level of interfamily, 12.53%-14.17% between musk deer and deer(family Cervidae), so it further clearified that musk deer was independent family, but sequence divergence was level of inter-subfamily(average10.55%)among water deer, muntjak and deer. Musk deer diverged from family cervidae before about 6 Myr; divergence time were about 3.5-5.0 Myr among three subfamily of family Cervidae. They contracted a monopgyletic group and share a common ancestor before 6 Myr.

Select

STUDIES ON THE CHROMOSOME OF MINK(MUSTELA VISION)

NIE Wenhui, CHEN Yuze, LIU Ruiqing

1998, 18(3):  192-195. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (229KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The chromosomes of mink(Mustela vision) had been studied by several banding techniques(C-banding, silver staining and late replication banding). The results are given as below: The diploid number of the mink is 30. Autosomes consist of 5 pairs of metacentrics, 8 pairs of submetacentrics and 1 pair of acrocentrics. Chromosome No.8 has a clear secondary constriction on the short arm. X chromosome is a metacentric and its size is almost as the same as Chromosome No.11 The C-bands of the mink chromosomes are mainly restricted to the centromeric regions. Chromosomes Nos.2,3,4,7and 8 have large C-bands, extending from the centromere to both arms. The heterochromatin of X chromosome is more abundant than that of autosomes. But the C-band of centromere region of chromosome No.5 is small and stained slightly. There are three Ag-NORs in the silver-stained karyotype, one pair of them are located at the secondary constriction of chromosome No.8,the other one is located at the long arm of chromosome No.2, which is only one chromosome with Ag-NORs.

Select

NUMERICAL FITTING ON DYNAMIC MODEL OF BODY WEIGHT GROWTH IN PLATEAU PIKA (OCHOTONA CURZONIAE)

1998, 18(3):  196-201. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (349KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

ENERHY METABOLISM AND THE MORPHOLOGY OF DIGESTIVE TRACT IN RATTUS NIVIVENTER CONFUCIANUS AND RATTUS NORVRGICUS

BAO Yixin, DU Weiguo, LIN Yi, JIN Weixing

1998, 18(3):  202-207. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (326KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Energy intake, digestibility, assimilation rate, the length and weight of digestive tract were compared between Rattus niviventer confucianus and Rattus norvegicus. Experiments were carried out in metabolic cages, and peanut and rice were used as diets. The daily energy intake of R.niviventer confucianus(1069.43 KJ.(kg^0.75)^-1)was higher than that of R.norvegicus(708.55 KJ.(kg^0.75)^-1), and digestibility of peanut in R. norvegicus(95.38%)was also higher than that of R. norvegicus(91.84%). However , digestibility and assimilation rate were similar between two kinds of rodents when they fed on rice. At the same time, we found the length of digestive tract of R.niviventer confucianus was significantly longer than of R. norvegicus. The result indicated larger digestive tract and higher digetstibility of R.niviventer confucianus was an adaptive strategics to the worse food conditions.

Select

REPRODUCTION AND DENSITY-DEPENDENT REGULATION IN POPULATION OF MANDARIN VOLE（MICROTUS MANDARINUS）

TAI Fadao, ZHAO Yajun, WANG Tingzheng

1998, 18(3):  208-214. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (320KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Based upon the investigation of population ecology of mandarin vole during 1992-1994 in suburban area of Lingbao city, Henan province, we obtained the following results. The total sex ratio (female/male)was 1.2073(females 961, males 796). The mandarin vole reproduces in each month. The pregnancy rate, the litter size, the sex ratio, the reproduction index and the descended testis rate showed obvious yearly and seasonal differences, and were different in different age groups. The studies also revealed that reproduction characteristics were regulated obviously by population density. Under the years when the population density was increased, we observed that the sex ratio, pregnancy rate and reproduction index were lower. In the grids of high-density population, the reproductive intensity was suppressed too. Percentage of pregnant females, descendant testis rate were lower than those in the grids of low density population.

Select

SEASONAL CHARACTER OF THERMOGENESIS IN MONGOLIAN GERBIL(MERIONES UNGUICULATUS)

CAI Liquan, HUANG Chenxi, LI Qingfen

1998, 18(3):  215-218. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (221KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The Mongolian gerbils’(Meriones unguiculatus) thermogenesis in summer and winter was studied. Compared with those in summer, the gerbils’resting metabolic rate and non-shivering thermogenesis, the activities of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase and α-glycerophosphate oxidase of BAT increased obviously. In BAT, protein content enhanced while lipid content decreased markedly in winter. However, in liver, the indexes above mentioned did not change significantly between winter and summer. In winter, serumT₃ increased prominently. It is suggested that the thermogenic function of the gerbils’ BAT exhibited seasonal fluctuation, and BAT is major thermogenic organ for the animals’ adaptation to cold.

Select

MONITORING EXPERT SYSTEM DESIGN FOR HERBIVOROUS PEST RODENTS IN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU

ZHANG Yanming, SU Jianping

1998, 18(3):  219-225. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (370KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Expert system is computer programs capable of solving difficult problems as human experts. It origins from the artificial intelligence, a branch of computer science. An expert system for monitoring herbivorous pest rodents in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, MESPR, is designed for the local governments and farmers without previous training in the rodent pest integrated management. The overall structure of the pest rodent monitoring expert system is described in this paper. The system consists of five parts which includes the integrated data files, the knowledge base, the inference engineer, the knowledge acquisition and the environmental support system. The structures, functions and edited rules of each part are briefly illustrated in this paper. The system could be used to store, inquire and analyze information about ecological characters of rodents. It can be predict population dynamics of rodent pest in grassland precisely and quickly. Several long-term managing strategies for rodent pests could be obtained with the help of this system.

Select

RESEARCH ON POPULATION NUMBER RESUMING AND CONTROLLING STRATEGICS FOR RODENTS IN CITIES AND TOWNS OF SOUTHERN CHINA

QI Genxian, YAO Weilan, WANG Jum, YANG Biao

1998, 18(3):  226-230. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (303KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

According to the data of captivity reproduction, the dissecting results on the field and population parameters, the quantity resuming dynamics of harmful rodents(i.e.Norway rat, House mouse, Yellow-Breated rat) in cities and towns of southern China were analysed in theory. The different controlling effects and interval of rodent control could influence the number of population resuming. The post control measures were put forward from actual condition to control the population number resuming in order to ensure long-time control of harmful rodents in towns.

Select

A MINK WHALE STRANDED IN SANBAO, QIANTANG RIVER, CHINA

1998, 18(3):  231-231. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (121KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON POPULATION SIZES AND AFFECTING FACTORS OF PRZEWALSKI'S GAZELLES (PROCAPRA PRZEWALSKII)

1998, 18(3):  232-234. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (230KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

DISTRIBUTION OF MAST CELL IN RESPIRATORY TRACT OF TAIHANG MOUNTAINS MACACA MULATTA TCHELIENSIS

ZHANG Wenxue, XUE Deming, DONG Xiaoguo

1998, 18(3):  235-236. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (147KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A JUNGLE CAT (FELIS CHAUS) DISCOVERED IN GANSU PROVINCE

1998, 18(3):  237-237. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (79KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT AND HYPOXIC EFFECT OF HYPOTHALAMIC ACETYLCHOLINE ON MICROTUS OECONOMUS

LI Liangcheng, DU Jizeng, YANG Shengmei

1998, 18(3):  238-239. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (103KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics