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20 February 1992, Volume 12 Issue 4

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A PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE　GROUPING BEHAVI0R OF RED DEER IN　EASTERN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

ZHANG Minghai,　ZHONG Licheng, GUAN Guosheng, GAO Zhiyuan, LU Daming

1992, 12(4):  243-247. 

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The9 groaping behavior of red deer(Cervus elaphus xanthopygus)in 112 groups were observed from December，1985 to August，1990 in Dailing Forestry area and Wanda Mountains，Heilongjiang province． The deer group size were 2 to19 individuals and averaged 3.55 ind. Ihe deer group changes obvious1y in various seasons. Three types of grouping included the cow-calf group, male group and mixed group．The cow-calf group was main group type, which proportion(26%-53% )of grouping was larger in each seasons，and division the cow-calf group into small units was higher in calving and lactation periods，yet lower in the gestation period．The male group was stable in a year．The mixed group varies get different seasons, each group averaged 4.58 ind., it was the largest group for three deer grouping types．

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A FOOD HABITS STUDY ON HAINAN ELD'S DEER IN HAINAN ISLAND ，CHINA

SONG YANLING，LI Shanyuan

1992, 12(4):  248-254. 

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　Eleven months data on food habits of the Hainan eld's deer (Ceryus eldi hainanus)were collected from the Hainan Datian National Nature Raserve，in which thelast group of this deer is distributed in China，A fence was constructed and one square kilometer area was closed before this study was conducted．It provided a good study area for this research．Thirty nine paired plots were sampled with 100 meters interval along tour transect lines about l000 meters(1ong each)to survey the availability of browse species and grazing species．Two hundred and ninty six feeding sites were examined and data about usage for each species and occuring species in all feeding sites were recored． The deer fed on 74 species of plants during study period among them 31 species were shrubs and 43 were herbs．test revealed that the deer strongly selected feeding habitat． They preferred to feed in the tropical grasslands and rain forests．The deer grazed more than browsed．Ferbs，new shoots of grasses made most components of their year ro und diet．An evaluation on the food preference and important values of 26 herb species and 20 browse species on which deer fed more often or preferred were given in this paper．Suggestion on the management of deer s habitat within the Nature Reserve have been mode，too．

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THE PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS 0F SUBGENUS 0CHOTONA 0F CHINA

YU Ning，Zhang Changlin，FENG Zuojian

1992, 12(4):  255-266. 

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Pikas are well represented in China，especially the subgenus of Ochotona．There are 16 extant species of this subgenus in the world, but only two of those species are not distributed in China．This case provides opportunity for us to study the phylogenetic relationships between the species of the subgenus． A cladngram is presented and phylogenetic relationships among species of the subgenus 0chotona are discussed． For comparing the morphological characters of the 14 species of subgenus Ochotona in china, 22 characters are chosen. Plesiomorphis and apomorphic characters are inferred using the ontogenetic rule as well as in-group comparison to establish polarity of the characters. N

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STUDIES ON THE POPULATION ENERGETICS OF PLATEAU ZOKOR Ⅱ. A MODEL OF ESTIMATING THE DAILY ENERGY BUDGET

1992, 12(4):  267-274. 

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STUDIES ON THE RELATIVE FATNESS OF GREATER LONG-TAILED HAMSTER

LI Xiaochen, Wang Tingzheng, Liu Jiakun

1992, 12(4):  275-279. 

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The relativefatnessof greater long-tailed hamster (Cricetulustrion)was ealculated by the formula K=l00/^_L3.where K _^represets the relative fatness, W the body weight in gram, L the length of head and body in cm．Statistical results show that the relative fatness of females was higher than that of males．The relative fatness were becoming lesser as the age was gtowing up．The relative fatness didn't chanceevidently in different crop fields． but it didn't changed evidently in different seasons，which was mainly influenced by climatesand reproductions．Statistical reaults also show that there was not ponding relation between the relative fatness an d the popoulation density.

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CHANGE OF SENSORY RESPONSIBILITY DURING THE C0URSE 0F HIBERNA-ING B0UT IN GROUND SQUIRREL CITELLUS DAURICUS

WU Yuying， CAI Yipeng

1992, 12(4):  278-293. 

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The sonsitivity of the ground squirrel C．douricus during the course of hibernating bout has been determined by shift of heart rate and body temperature in response to the cutaneous ectrical stimuli．Three distinct types of response were observed：Type I，a transient but obvious increase in heart rate in 5- 10 minutes．no observaible change in Ts．Type I，partial arousal， significant rise in heart rate(20-40／mln．)and Ts(0.2-2.6℃ )， returned to basal line of pre-stimulate level after 20 minutes at least．Type Ⅱ ，ful1 arousa1．rise of heart rate and Ts without any return untill euthermic level，resulted in arouse within about 120 rain．The stimulating intensity needed for evoking the same type of response tended to decline in successive parts of a bout especially in the later part，which indicated the gressive irritability of this animal in hibernating bouts just as some hibernators reported．

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ＡCOMPARATⅣE STUＤY 0N THE SILVER-STAINED KAROYOTYPES OF EIGHT SPECIES RATS (RATTUS )IN CHINA

SHll Liming， HE Yuanhui

1992, 12(4):  280-286. 

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Silver-stained karyotypes of 8Rattus species，namely R. flavipectus , R. rattus sladeni，R. sikkimensis，R. nitidus，R. 1osea，R. turkeatanicus and R. norvegtcus were studied．And there are some differences in the features of the NORs among 8 species．Moreover，the polymorphisms anti association of Ag-NORs have been observed．
The relative size of NORs between the homologoues chromosome(No.13)of R.losea is apparently different．Based on the different characteristics of silver-stained karyotype. the classification of genus Rattus in China has been discussed，and a cluster dendrogram has been presented in this paper by the fuzzy aggregation．

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THE SUCCESSION OF RODENT C0MMUNITY IN THE C0UNTRYSIDE OF DONGTING HILLY AND PLAIN AREA

GUO Cong CHEN Anguo LI Shibin WANG Yong li Bo LIu Huifen Zhang Meiwen

1992, 12(4):  294-301. 

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The Cause of the Sucession of rodent com munity from 1970 s to early I990s was discussed in this paper．Rattus flavipefus was the dominant species in farmer’s houses in 1970s。and each species had a low population density． But the norway rat became the dominant species and the population density was very high in early 1980s． We considered that it was because the bumper harvest in early 1980s and the change of the way to store grains．M ost farmers had the storehouse which was big enough to store their grain ， the condition of the inhabitation of human beings have bsen improving—and the constant use of natrium diphacin to kill rodents in the middle of 1980s，so the population of norway rat kept droping trend．Although the farmer' s house have been improved a lot in north Hunan， the farmer s houses were still the idea place for the bouse mouse．The population of the house mouse would increa se further．The striped field mouse was the dominant species in farmland in 1970s． The norway rat in buildings became the dominant species in early 1980s． The rodent community in farm land was back to the status of 1970s in the middle of 1980s．

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LINE TRANSECTS FOR ESTIMATING DENSITY OF MUSK DEER PELLET GROUPS

1992, 12(4):  302-305. 

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CHROMOSOMAL ANALYSIS OF Taphozou s melanopogo．AND Hipposidaros armlger

ZHANG WeiDao, WANG Moqing

1992, 12(4):  306-307. 

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