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青海海北地区艾虎的某些生态学特征及种群能量动态资料

郑生武, 曾缙祥, 崔瑞贤   

  1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
  • 出版日期:2011-11-23 发布日期:2011-11-22

ON ECOLOGY AND ENERGY DYNAMICS OF MASKED POLECAT ( MUSTELA EVERSMANNI) IN HAIBEI QINGHAI PROVINCE

ZHENG Shengwu, ZENG Jinxiang, CUI Ruixian   

  1. Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Academia Siuica
  • Online:2011-11-23 Published:2011-11-22

摘要: 艾虎,又名艾鼬(Mvstela eversmanni Lesson)在生态系统的牧食食物链(grazingfood chain)结构上,属二级消费者。其在能流和物质循环中起着重要作用。 有关艾虎生态学研究,报道甚少。Ванников(1954)和Новиков(1956)仅作过一般简单的综述,嗣后,Сысоев(1966),лалваниявов(1968)。Попов等(1968),Маръпп(1974)Bednarz(1964),Bardu(1971)亦均系简报之类。至于其能量的研究,涉及者甚少。国内有关艾虎生态学研究,尚乏报道。

Abstract: We had observed the ecology of the masked polecat ( Mustela cvcrsmanni ), and had measured the caloric values of its body digestibility and assimilation at Menyuan Horse-Breeder Ranch ( about 3250m in altitude), Qinghai Province from 1976 to 1981.The masked polecat is carnivore it blongs to secondary consumer in the alpine meadow ecosystems, and it is important on energe flow and material circulation.The food habits of the masked polecat were investigation by stomach content analysis, of which 73 stomachs were examined C tab. 1).The species is a typical carnivore, and its food consists almost exclusively of rodents, namely Ochctona curzon-iae, Myospalax fontanierii, Microtus oeconomus which were 86.0% of the total stomachs observed. The digestibility rate of masked polecat is 86.57±0.48%, the assimilation rate-78.61±0.48%.The masked polecat began to copulate in the Mar. -Apr., at this time the males were especially active.The reproduct only once a year, the litter size is generally two to eight, and averagely 5.25±1.25.One study plot which was chosen for obtaining a number of masked polecat in its typical habitats, was 58.253 hectares. The density was averagely has 0.1 animal per hectare.Caloric values of the animals body were 6.000±.066 kcal/g averagely for the whole year. and they were different during different seasons, namely 1.835±0.117; 1.699±0.087 and 2.16±0.059 kcal/g for the green up period ( Apr. to June ) Excuber-ance ( July to Aug. ) and Withering period ( Sept. to Nov. ) respectively ( tab. 4 ).