三江源国家公园迁徙藏羚对野生动物通道的利用

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150670

兽类学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 601-608.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150670

三江源国家公园迁徙藏羚对野生动物通道的利用

赛青高娃¹^,³, 李宏奇², 王东¹^,³, 王子涵¹^,³, 连新明¹^,⁴()

^1.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所，中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室，西宁 810001
^2.青海省环境工程技术评估中心，西宁 810007
^3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
^4.青海省动物生态基因组学重点实验室，西宁 810001

收稿日期:2022-03-25 接受日期:2022-08-23 出版日期:2022-09-30 发布日期:2022-09-21
通讯作者: 连新明
作者简介:赛青高娃 (1998- )，女，硕士，主要从事保护生物学研究；
李宏奇 (1962- )，男，本科，主要从事生态环境评估和保护工作.第一联系人： # 共同第一作者
基金资助:
青海省应用基础研究计划项目(2017-ZJ-724);青海省重大专项“三江源区代表性动物基因资源保护和利用”项目;中国科学院“西部之光”青年学者A类项目资助

The utilization of wildlife passages by migratory Tibetan antelope in Sanjiangyuan National Park: a case study of Wubei Bridge of Qinghai‒Tibet Railway

gaowa Saiqing¹^,³, Hongqi LI², Dong WANG¹^,³, Zihan WANG¹^,³, Xinming LIAN¹^,⁴()

^1.Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
^2.Environmental Engineering Assessment Center of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
^3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^4.Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810001, China

Received:2022-03-25 Accepted:2022-08-23 Online:2022-09-30 Published:2022-09-21
Contact: Xinming LIAN

摘要/Abstract

关键词: 青藏铁路, 藏羚, 野生动物通道, 集群规模, 迁徙

Abstract:

The Qinghai?Tibet Railway (QTR) crosses the migration routes of the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) in the Sanjiangyuan National Park (SNP) and the female antelopes have to cross the QTR by wildlife passages to continue their migrations. In this study, a remote monitoring camera was set up near the Wubei Bridge to record the utilization of the bridge by migratory antelopes. Based on the monitoring data of the returning migration period from July to September 2019 and the calving migration period from April to June 2020, the results showed that: Tibetan antelopes crossed the Wubei Bridge mainly in the daytime and mostly in the morning. The peaks during the calving migration and the returning migration were in 09: 00?12: 59 and 11: 00?11: 59 respectively. Compared with the returning migration period, female antelopes gathered into smaller groups during the calving migration period, which was related to the sequence of roads to be crossed and the lower predation risk of calves in larger groups. We found individuals in larger groups spent less time crossing the Wubei Bridge. Larger groups could accelerate crossing speed and then reduce the average crossing time of individuals. However, there was no significant difference in the average crossing time of individuals between the two migratory periods, indicating that the presence of calves had little effect on the speed and time of antelope groups. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in the group size of Tibetan antelope between the returning and calving migration periods and the group size affected the average crossing time of individuals. We also detected a temporal pattern in the use of wildlife passage by Tibetan antelope.

Key words: The Qinghai?Tibet Railway, Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), Wildlife passages, Group size, Migration

中图分类号:

Q958.12

赛青高娃, 李宏奇, 王东, 王子涵, 连新明. 三江源国家公园迁徙藏羚对野生动物通道的利用[J]. 兽类学报, 2022, 42(5): 601-608.

gaowa Saiqing, Hongqi LI, Dong WANG, Zihan WANG, Xinming LIAN. The utilization of wildlife passages by migratory Tibetan antelope in Sanjiangyuan National Park: a case study of Wubei Bridge of Qinghai‒Tibet Railway[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 42(5): 601-608.

图/表 3

图1 青藏铁路五北大桥位置及藏羚迁徙方向

Fig. 1 Location of the Wubei bridge of the Qinghai?Tibet Railway and migration routes of female Tibetan antelopes

图2 2019年藏羚回迁期通过五北大桥的日规律变化

Fig. 2 Diurnal rhythm of Tibetan antelope crossing the Wubei Bridge during the returning migration period in 2019

图3 2020年藏羚上迁期通过五北大桥的日规律变化

Fig. 3 Diurnal thythm of Tibetan antelope crossing the Wubei Bridge during the calving migration period in 2020

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三江源国家公园迁徙藏羚对野生动物通道的利用

The utilization of wildlife passages by migratory Tibetan antelope in Sanjiangyuan National Park: a case study of Wubei Bridge of Qinghai‒Tibet Railway

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