During June to July in 2014, the diversity of small mammals was investigated using snap traps and pitfalls along elevations varying from 700 m to 3099 m in Emei Mountain, Sichuan, China. A total of 202 small mammals of 18 species were captured. We analyzed the spatial niche breadth index and spatial niche overlap index of these small mammals. Niviventer confucianus has the highest index of the niche breadth (0.8438) while Apodemus draco、Uropsilus andersoni、Sorex bedfordiae、Sorex cylindricauda、Episoriculus macrurus、Anourosorex squamipes、Apodemus chevrieri and Eothenomys tarquinius have high indices of the niche breadth. So they were dominant species in the small mammal population in Emei Mountain. Niche overlap indices varied from 0 to 1. The spatial niche of Niviventer excelsior and Eothenomys melanogaster completely overlapped, and Sorex cylindricauda and Episoriculus macrurus almost completely overlapped. Spatial niche overlap of some small animals may coexist due to food niche separation, but the coexistence mechanism needs to be further clarified for some spatial niche overlap among shrew species.