为研究骨形态蛋白（bone morphogenetic proteins ，BMP）在鹿茸再生早期角柄断面伤口无疤痕愈合过程中的功能，本研究通过免疫组化技术对比分析了BMP 2 和BMP 4在正常皮肤及茸皮中的表达及分布差异，同时利用添加外源性蛋白分析了BMP 4对鹿真皮成纤维细胞和毛乳头细胞的影响。结果显示：(1)原代培养的真皮成纤维细胞表达波形蛋白阳性率几乎为100%；(2) BMP 2和BMP 4强烈表达于茸皮中新生毛囊的毛基质细胞中；(3) BMP 4可促进鹿真皮成纤维细胞向脂肪细胞转分化；(4) BMP 4可促进鹿真皮毛乳头细胞成团。以此推测BMP在鹿毛囊形成及伤口愈合过程中发挥重要作用。

The aim of this study is to find out the functional roles of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) during the scarless wound healing of pedicle stump at the early regeneration stage of antler. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyze the expression and localization of BMP 2 and BMP 4 in the pedicle and the antler skins. BMP 4 was added to the culture medium of dermal papilla cells and fibroblasts of deer skin to see if the protein was playing an essential role during trans-differentiation and gathering. The results showed that: (1) Nearly 100% of the fibroblasts harvested from the primary culture of pedicle skin tissue expressed vimentin: a marker of dermal fibroblasts; (2) BMP 2 and BMP 4 were strongly expressed in the newly formed hair matrix cells in the antler skin; (3) BMP 4 promoted the trans-differentiation of fibroblasts into adipocytes; (4) BMP 4 also facilitated the degree of agglomeration of dermal papilla cells in vitro. Based on these observations we speculated that BMPs played an important role in the process of trans-differentiation of fibroblast and gathering of papilla cells which could accelerate the process of scarless wound healing.