天山中部雪豹栖息地适宜性研究初报

马兵; 潘国梁; 李雷光; 陈颖; 李祎斌; 刘一正; 巴力克·杰克义; 孙世为; 时坤

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150436

兽类学报 >

2021 , Vol. 41 >Issue 1: 1 - 10

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150436

研究论文

天山中部雪豹栖息地适宜性研究初报

马兵 ,
潘国梁 ,
李雷光 ,
陈颖 ,
李祎斌 ,
刘一正 ,
巴力克·杰克义 ,
孙世为 ,
时坤

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1 北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院野生动物研究所, 北京 100083;
2 北京市海淀区陆桥生态中心, 北京 100085;
3 新疆天山东部国有林管理局, 乌鲁木齐 830001;
4 丹麦哥本哈根大学科学学院社会进化学系, 哥本哈根2100;
5 香港大学生物科学学院, 香港 999077

马兵(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事野生动物保护生物学研究.E-mail:553477042@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-04-30

网络出版日期: 2021-01-21

基金资助

国家林业和草原局：祁连山脉、天山东部雪豹专项调查（2017092302）

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Preliminary study on habitat suitability of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in central Tianshan Mountains

MA Bing ,
PAN Guoliang ,
LI Leiguang ,
CHEN Ying ,
LI Yibin ,
LIU Yizheng ,
BALIKE·Jiekeyi ,
SUN Shiwei ,
SHI Kun

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1 Wildlife Institute, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
2 Eco-Bridge Continental, Beijing 100085, China;
3 The State Forestry Administration of Eastern Tianshan in Xinjiang, Urumqi 830001, China;
4 Centre for Social Evolution, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark;
5 School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

Received date: 2020-04-30

Online published: 2021-01-21

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摘要

栖息地丧失和破碎化是许多濒危物种面临的主要威胁，对于分布在高原山地的濒危物种雪豹亦是如此。为了更好地了解天山雪豹的分布情况和栖息地质量，2018年11月至2019年6月，我们在天山中部借助红外相机开展野外调查，调查面积2 425 km²，共获得78个雪豹的出现位点。利用8个物种分布模型对雪豹在此地的生境选择建模，综合结果表明，崎岖度和海拔是影响雪豹分布的主要因素，其中崎岖度大于70和海拔1 700~2 900 m是雪豹出现频率最高的地区。集成模型空间预测显示大部分适宜栖息地集中于乌苏市以东至板房沟分局管辖地区。本研究通过野外调查和模型分析获得了天山中部雪豹的分布区域及环境因子对其的影响，为天山雪豹保护及跨境合作提供科学的数据支撑。

关键词： 天山; 雪豹; 适宜栖息地; 环境因子; 集成模型

本文引用格式

马兵 , 潘国梁 , 李雷光 , 陈颖 , 李祎斌 , 刘一正 , 巴力克·杰克义 , 孙世为 , 时坤 . 天山中部雪豹栖息地适宜性研究初报[J]. 兽类学报, 2021 , 41(1) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150436

Abstract

Habitat loss and fragmentation due to anthropogenic pressure have a detrimental impact on the long-term population viability of endangered species, especially for snow leopards (Panthera uncia) inhabiting plateau mountains.To evaluate the potential distribution and habitat quality for snow leopards in the Tianshan Mountains, 78 snow leopard presence records were collected covering an area of 2 425 km² in central Tianshan Mountains from November 2018 to June 2019.Eight species distribution models of snow leopard habitat selection were simulated.The results indicated that topographic roughness and altitude were the major factors influencing snow leopard distribution in the study area.Snow leopards preferentially occur in areas with topographic roughness greater than 70 and at altitudes range from 1 700-2 900 m.Ensemble model prediction results indicated that suitable habitat is concentrated between the west of Usu City and Banfanggou.This study obtained the potential distribution area of snow leopards in central Tianshan Mountains and evaluated the influence of environmental factors on it based on field investigation and model analysis.The study provides valuable baseline knowledge in the context of transboundary snow leopard conservation in the Tianshan Mountains.

Key words： Tianshan; Snow leopard(Panthera uncia); Habitat suitability; Environmental factors; Ensemble mode

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