云南楚雄哀牢山地区西黑冠长臂猿种群数量和分布

李根会; 覃忠义; 卢立雄; 高文俊; 罗文富; 李函; 李育武; 尹存全; 徐萍; 尹光华; 李发宝; 牛晓炜; 蒋学龙

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150749

兽类学报 >

2023 , Vol. 43 >Issue 5: 513 - 522

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150749

研究论文

云南楚雄哀牢山地区西黑冠长臂猿种群数量和分布

李根会 ,
覃忠义 ,
卢立雄 ,
高文俊 ,
罗文富 ,
李函 ,
李育武 ,
尹存全 ,
徐萍 ,
尹光华 ,
李发宝 ,
牛晓炜 ,
蒋学龙

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1 云南哀牢山国家级自然保护区楚雄管护局, 楚雄 675000;
2 中国科学院昆明动物研究所遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室, 昆明 650223;
3 无量山哀牢山野生动物云南省野外科学观测研究站, 昆明 650223

李根会(1988-)，男，硕士，林业工程师，主要从事自然保护区保护与管理；覃忠义(1966-)，男，硕士，林业高级工程，主要从事自然保护区保护与管理；卢立雄(1996-)，男，本科，林业技术员，主要从事自然保护区保护与管理

收稿日期: 2022-11-02

修回日期: 2023-05-16

网络出版日期: 2023-09-22

基金资助

中央财政林业改革发展资金；云南省科技人才与平台计划(202105AM070004)

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Population size and distribution of western black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor) in Ailao Mountain, Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan Province

LI Genhui ,
QIN Zhongyi ,
LU Lixiong ,
GAO Wenjun ,
LUO Wenfu ,
LI Han ,
LI Yuwu ,
YIN Cunquan ,
XU Ping ,
YIN Guanghua ,
LI Fabao ,
NIU Xiaowei ,
JIANG Xuelong

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1 Chuxiong Management and Protection Bureau of Yunnan Ailao Mountains National Nature Reserve, Chuxiong 675000, China;
2 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China;
3 Wuliang-Ailao Mountains Wildlife Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650223, China

Received date: 2022-11-02

Revised date: 2023-05-16

Online published: 2023-09-22

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摘要

2020年11—12月，采用访问调查和鸣声定位法对云南省哀牢山楚雄彝族自治州(简称：楚雄州)辖区(包括哀牢山国家级自然保护区楚雄州辖区及周边国有林区)西黑冠长臂猿(Nomascus concolor)的种群数量和分布进行了实地调查。调查结果显示哀牢山楚雄州辖区现有西黑冠长臂猿61群和14只独猿(约270只)，其中11群分布于自然保护区外的国有林中。绝大部分群体(59群)分布于楚雄市片区中部向南至双柏县片区，呈现区域聚集性分布现状；有2群分布于楚雄市片区北部，有向边缘隔离小种群发展的趋势；南华片区本次调查及随后的调查均未发现长臂猿群体的存在，仅通过访问得知有一独猿。哀牢山楚雄州辖区现有西黑冠长臂猿种群数量较2005年第一次调查(39群)增加了22群，然而中北段西黑冠长臂猿面临隔离小种群和人为干扰等因素的威胁。基于辖区西黑冠长臂猿种群数量与分布，提出种群动态监测、小种群巡护监测、栖息地调查评估与恢复及自然保护区外的托管等保护与管理措施。

关键词： 西黑冠长臂猿; 种群数量; 种群分布; 隔离小种群; 哀牢山; 楚雄州

本文引用格式

李根会 , 覃忠义 , 卢立雄 , 高文俊 , 罗文富 , 李函 , 李育武 , 尹存全 , 徐萍 , 尹光华 , 李发宝 , 牛晓炜 , 蒋学龙 . 云南楚雄哀牢山地区西黑冠长臂猿种群数量和分布[J]. 兽类学报, 2023 , 43(5) : 513 -522 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150749

Abstract

From November to December 2020, we conducted the second field survey on the population and distribution of the western black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor) in Ailao Mountain, Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan by interviews and loud morning calls counting method. The survey recorded 61 groups and 14 individuals of western black crested gibbon, a total of about 270 individuals in the National Nature Reserve and its surrounding state forest areas. The gibbon population was mainly found (59 groups and 13 individuals) from the central part of Chuxiong City to the south part of Shuangbai County, while from the central to the north part of Nanhua County it was represented by a small isolated population (two groups and one individual). Compared with the previous survey in 2005, the population of the western black crested gibbon in Ailao Mountains, Chuxiong Prefecture increased significantly but still facing threats from population isolation and human disturbance such as grazing by cattle and goats. According to the current population and distribution pattern, we propose to conduct long-term population dynamic monitoring for concentrated populations, regular and irregular patrolling for isolated and marginal distributed groups, habitat assessment and restoration, and assign the groups in state forests managed by national nature reserve management and protection bureau for protection and conservation of western black crested gibbons in Ailao Mountains, Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan.

Key words： Nomascus concolor; Population size; Population distribution; Isolated small populations; Ailao Mountain; Chuxiong Prefecture

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