非人灵长类动物的母婴关系是婴猴第一次重要的社会体验，对婴猴的生长发育、正常社会行为以及心理健康都具有重要意义。因此，母婴关系研究一直是灵长类学研究的热点之一。为深入了解白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)母婴关系的发展和影响因素，2009年9月至2010年8月，我们以广西崇左白头叶猴国家级自然保护区岜盆片区的一群野生白头叶猴为研究对象，记录其母婴行为的发生持续时长和发生频次，结合婴猴月龄和性别，探究婴猴月龄和性别对白头叶猴母婴关系的影响。结果表明：婴猴月龄显著影响白头叶猴的母婴关系。随着婴猴月龄的不断增长，母猴对婴猴的保护也随之逐渐减少，表明婴猴的发育是从依赖母猴到逐步独立融入社群的过程。婴猴性别对母婴行为的持续时间无显著影响，但在发生频次上母猴对雌性婴猴的照顾明显多于雄性婴猴。婴猴性别对母婴间的理毛行为、含乳行为均无显著影响，但对怀抱行为具有显著影响。白头叶猴母猴对不同性别的婴猴采取不同的照顾方式，这可能与雄性婴猴和雌性婴猴未来所承担的社会角色不同有关。
李家兴
,
周颖铭
,
黄乘明
,
范鹏来
,
周岐海
. 白头叶猴婴猴月龄和性别对母婴关系的影响[J]. 兽类学报, 2024
, 44(1)
: 58
-64
.
DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150784
Mother-infant relationship of non-human primates is the first social experience in their lifetime, which is very important to infants. This relationship is of great significance to the growth and development, normal social behavior and mental health of infants. Therefore, it respresents one of the hotspots in primatology research. In order to understand the development of the mother-infant relationship of the white-headed langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) and it’s influencing factors, data on the mother-infant relationship were collected from a wild group of white-headed langurs in the Bapen area of the Chongzuo White-headed Langur National Nature Reserve, Guangxi, between September 2009 and August 2010. The duration and frequency of mother-infant behavior were recorded. Combining with the month age and sexes of infants, we explored the effects of different ages and sexes of infants on the mother-infant relationship of white-headed langurs. The results showed that the mother-infant relationship of white-headed langurs was influenced by the month age of infants. The duration of mother-infant behavior was not affected by the sex of infants, but mothers cared for female infants significantly more frequently than male infants. The sex of infants has no effect on grooming behavior and lactating behavior between mothers and infants, but it has a significant effect on embracing behavior between mothers and infants. These results indicate that the infant’s development is a process from dependence on the mother to gradually integrating into the community independently. White-headed langur mothers take different care modes for male and female infants, which may be related to the different social roles of male and female infants in the future.
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