影响麋鹿茸分枝和角重量的年龄因素分析

孟庆辉; 夏志强; 单云芳; 李俊芳; 胡华刚; 肖璇; 白加德; 钟震宇; 孟秀祥; 柏超; 张成林

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150789

兽类学报 >

2024 , Vol. 44 >Issue 3: 377 - 384

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150789

研究简报

影响麋鹿茸分枝和角重量的年龄因素分析

孟庆辉 ,
夏志强 ,
单云芳 ,
李俊芳 ,
胡华刚 ,
肖璇 ,
白加德 ,
钟震宇 ,
孟秀祥 ,
柏超 ,
张成林

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1 北京市科学技术研究院北京麋鹿生态实验中心, 北京 100076;
2 麋鹿国家保护研究中心, 北京 100076;
3 河南科技学院, 新乡 453003;
4 北京小汤山医院, 北京 102211;
5 中国人民大学环境学院, 北京 100081;
6 北京动物园, 北京 100044

孟庆辉(1982-)，男，博士，副研究员，主要从事动物生态及麋鹿保护研究.

收稿日期: 2023-03-14

修回日期: 2023-07-20

网络出版日期: 2024-05-31

基金资助

北京市自然科学基金 (5212003)；北京动物园圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室开放课题 (ZDK202101)；北京市财政项目（24CA003, 24CD007）

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Analysis of age factors affecting the branching velvet and weight of antlers in Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus)

MENG Qinghui ,
XIA Zhiqiang ,
SHAN Yunfang ,
LI Junfang ,
HU Huagang ,
XIAO Xuan ,
BAI Jiade ,
ZHONG Zhenyu ,
MENG Xiuxiang ,
BAI Chao ,
ZHANG Chenglin

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1 Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100076, China;
2 National Milu Conversation and Research Center, Beijing 100076, China;
3 Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China;
4 Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing 102211, China;
5 School of Environmental Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100081, China;
6 Beijing Zoo, Beijing 100044, China

Received date: 2023-03-14

Revised date: 2023-07-20

Online published: 2024-05-31

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本文引用格式

孟庆辉 , 夏志强 , 单云芳 , 李俊芳 , 胡华刚 , 肖璇 , 白加德 , 钟震宇 , 孟秀祥 , 柏超 , 张成林 . 影响麋鹿茸分枝和角重量的年龄因素分析[J]. 兽类学报, 2024 , 44(3) : 377 -384 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150789

Abstract

Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) is originally deer species native distributed in the plains and wetlands of China. Characterized by cylindrical antlers with a main branch in front and auxiliary branches behind, they shed their antlers after the winter solstice. In Père David’s deer, the relationship between external parameters and the weight of the antlers varies significantly for Père David’s deer. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis by tracking and recording the dates of antler branching, the number of branches, and the weight of antlers from 2019 to 2023. Additionally, we utilized an infrared rangefinder to measure the length, diameter, and total length of antler branches across different age groups. In 2022, we further measured the parameters of shed antlers’cross-sections using a caliper and employed qRT-PCR to determine changes in the content of related molecules in the velvet tissue of different age groups. Subsequently, we conducted a correlation analysis of antler branching and weight parameters with age. The results showed that with each additional year of age, the antlers exhibited an increase of one branch. Between the ages of 3 and 7, the weight of antlers demonstrated the following progression: 1 223 g, 872 g, 884 g, 899 g, and 699 g, respectively. Furthermore, for every additional centimeter of antler stem diameter, the weight of antler increases of 535 g, 531 g, 613 g, 681 g, and 721 g, respectively. The content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) also exhibited an age-related increase (P =0. 0007, n = 18). Under consistent age conditions, the escalation in antler weight displayed the strongest correlation with the number of antler branches (r = 0. 8274, P =0. 0054), antler diameter (r = 0. 8364, P =0. 0007), and antler total length (r = 0. 7971, P =0. 0073). Moreover, the weight of the antler cross-section positively correlated with outer diameter length (r = 0. 9470, P =0. 0066), outer diameter width (r = 0. 9246, P =0. 0018), and outer diameter length-width ratio (r = 0. 9217, P =0. 0027). The rise in velvet weight exhibited positive correlations with the daily growth length, dry total length, and main stem circumference of velvet. However, from 20 to 60 days post-regeneration, the content of VEGF demonstrated a subsequent decrease accordingly. Nonetheless, these findings offer valuable insights into understanding the relationship between the number of antler branches and vascular endothelial regeneration factors, as well as screening molecular mechanisms associated with deer velvet production. Furthermore, they serve as a foundation for enhancing deer velvet production, breeding practices, and the scientific conservation of deer species.

Key words： Père David’s deer; Age; Branch number; Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); Antler yield

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