宁夏六盘山国家级自然保护区哺乳动物多样性

程晓福; 马刚; 何仪军; 殷小慧; 李成; 李新让; 马伯丞; 管洪信; 周宏伟; 宋文宇

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150892

兽类学报 >

2025 , Vol. 45 >Issue 1: 36 - 48

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150892

研究论文

宁夏六盘山国家级自然保护区哺乳动物多样性

程晓福 ,
马刚 ,
何仪军 ,
殷小慧 ,
李成 ,
李新让 ,
马伯丞 ,
管洪信 ,
周宏伟 ,
宋文宇

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1 宁夏六盘山国家级自然保护区管理局, 固原 756401;
2 大理大学病原与媒介生物研究所, 云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室, 大理 671000

程晓福(1972-)，男，本科，高级工程师，主要从事动植物生态学及保护研究.

收稿日期: 2023-12-15

修回日期: 2024-08-21

网络出版日期: 2025-01-23

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(32260277）；宁夏回族自治区生态环境厅六盘山生物多样性调查项目

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Mammals of Liupanshan National Nature Reserve in Ningxia

CHENG Xiaofu ,
MA Gang ,
HE Yijun ,
YIN Xiaohui ,
LI Cheng ,
LI Xinrang ,
MA Bocheng ,
GUAN Hongxin ,
ZHOU Hongwei ,
SONG Wenyu

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1 Ningxia Liupanshan National Nature Reserve Administration, Guyuan 756401, China;
2 Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China

Received date: 2023-12-15

Revised date: 2024-08-21

Online published: 2025-01-23

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摘要

为掌握宁夏六盘山地区哺乳动物多样性数量和分布信息，2022—2023年结合多种调查方法在六盘山国家级自然保护区内开展了调查。调查期间，通过布设红外相机118台，累计45 430个相机工作日，监测到哺乳动物5目12科19属20种；设置小型哺乳类调查样方30个，累计调查7 425夹日，采集非飞行小型哺乳动物标本280号，经鉴定隶属3目7科13属16种；网捕法和手抄网法记录到翼手类1种。保护区内豹(Panthera pardus)等中、大型哺乳动物食物充足、种群数量健康、活动范围较广。经汇总实地调查结果和文献资料，整理出六盘山国家级自然保护区哺乳动物名录，计6目21科50属64种，与以往名录相比增加17种。其中根据公开发表的研究报告或红外相机凭证增加12种，本次实地调查增加5种：秦岭鼠兔(Ochotona syrinx)、东北刺猬(Erinaceus amurensis)、四川短尾鼩(Anourosorex squamipes)、利安德水鼩(Chimarrogale leander)和灰长耳蝠(Plecotus austriacus)。六盘山国家级自然保护区内分布有宁夏75.3%的哺乳动物物种，食肉动物比例较高(20.3%)，豹种群数量较大；同时也是南北动物区系的交汇地带和关键扩散跳板，这些特点体现了该保护区具有重要保护地位和价值。研究结果完善了六盘山国家级自然保护区的哺乳类资源基础资料，可为保护工作提供数据支撑。

关键词： 就地保护; 生物多样性; 兽类; 新纪录; 野生动物监测; 自然保护地

本文引用格式

程晓福 , 马刚 , 何仪军 , 殷小慧 , 李成 , 李新让 , 马伯丞 , 管洪信 , 周宏伟 , 宋文宇 . 宁夏六盘山国家级自然保护区哺乳动物多样性[J]. 兽类学报, 2025 , 45(1) : 36 -48 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150892

Abstract

During 2022 to 2023, we conducted a comprehensive investigation using various mammal survey methods to enhance knowledge and management of mammal diversity and distribution in the Ningxia Liupanshan National Nature Reserve. With 118 infrared cameras deployed over 45 430 camera working days, we recorded 20 mammal species belonging to 19 genera, 12 families, and five orders. Thirty small mammal survey plots were established, with a total of 7 425 trap-nights leading to the capture of 280 non-volant small mammals from 16 species belonging to 13 genera, seven families, and three orders. Using mist net and hand-netting methods, we registered a new record of a bat species within the reserve. Medium and large mammals such as Panthera pardus exhibited healthy populations with ample food resources and wide ranges. Through field surveys and literature compilation, a list of mammal species in this area was established totaling 64 species from 50 genera, 21 families, and six orders. Compared to previous lists, the present list has an increase of 17 mammal species, with 12 of which recorded from recent literature or image vouchers, and 5 from field survey of this study, including Erinaceus amurensis, Chimarrogale leander, Ochotona syrinx, Anourosorex squamipes, and Plecotus austriacus. The reserve houses approximately 75. 3% of all mammal species found in Ningxia, including a significant proportion (20. 3%) of carnivores and a large population of Panthera pardus. Moreover, this area serves as a pivotal zone where the Palaearctic and Oriental realms intersect, highlighting its conservation significance. The findings provide fundamental data for monitoring and conservation management efforts on mammalian resources within the Liupanshan National Nature Reserve.

Key words： In situ conservation; Biodiversity; Mammalia; New record; Wildlife monitoring; Protected area

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