大熊猫国家公园荥经片区大熊猫取食竹种地上生物量评估

秦炜锐; 刘景怡; 宋心强; 付明霞; 潘翰; 程勇; 周材权; 杨彪

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150841

兽类学报 >

2025 , Vol. 45 >Issue 1: 108 - 118

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150841

研究论文

大熊猫国家公园荥经片区大熊猫取食竹种地上生物量评估

秦炜锐 ,
刘景怡 ,
宋心强 ,
付明霞 ,
潘翰 ,
程勇 ,
周材权 ,
杨彪

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1 西华师范大学栗子坪大熊猫生态与保护四川省野外科学观测研究站, 南充 637009;
2 西华师范大学生态研究院, 南充 637009;
3 北京市企业家环保基金会, 北京 100020;
4 荥经县大相岭自然保护区管护中心, 雅安 625000

秦炜锐(1997-)，女，硕士研究生，主要从事野生动植物保护与利用研究.E-mail:535314739@qq.com

收稿日期: 2023-08-30

修回日期: 2024-03-12

网络出版日期: 2025-01-23

基金资助

四川省科学技术厅重大科技专项(2022YFS0484)

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Evaluation of aboveground biomass of edible bamboo for giant panda in the Yingjing area of Giant Panda National Park

QIN Weirui ,
LIU Jingyi ,
SONG Xinqiang ,
FU Mingxia ,
PAN Han ,
CHENG Yong ,
ZHOU Caiquan ,
YANG Biao

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1 Sichuan Liziping Giant Panda Ecology and Conservation Station for Field Scientific Observation and Research, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China;
2 Institute of Ecology, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China;
3 Society of Entrepreneurs and Ecology (SEE) Foundation, Beijing 100020, China;
4 Daxiangling Nature Reserve Management and Protection Center of Yingjing County, Ya'an 625000, China

Received date: 2023-08-30

Revised date: 2024-03-12

Online published: 2025-01-23

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摘要

估算大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)取食竹地上生物量对评估大熊猫食物资源和栖息地质量有重要意义。本研究利用样方法和收获法对大熊猫国家公园荥经片区不同森林类型下各竹种的地上生物量进行调查，初步估算荥经片区大熊猫取食竹地上生物量。结果表明：(1)不同森林类型下的大熊猫取食竹地上生物量差异不显著，不同竹种的地上生物量差异极显著，但大多表现出枝<叶<秆的规律；(2)大熊猫国家公园荥经片区八月竹(Chimonobambusa szechuanensis)、短锥玉山竹(Yushania brevipaniculata)、冷箭竹(Bashania faberi)和泥巴山筇竹(Qiongzhuea multigemmia)的分布面积分别为20 770.44 hm²、31 549.34 hm²、30 714.25 hm²和23 340.65 hm²，总的地上生物量分别为640 543.67 t、177 086.42 t、344 601.63 t和152 888.26 t，每平方米秆和叶分别可提供能量16 246.17 kJ、3 157.89 kJ、7 786.47 kJ和2 814.41 kJ；(3)从取食竹地上生物量角度来看，在特定空间与时间范围内，该研究区域大熊猫食物资源暂不存在食源竹类供给不足的问题。本研究结果能够为更好地制定大熊猫及其栖息地科学保护管理措施提供一定的参考价值。

关键词： 大熊猫; 取食竹; 生物量; 栖息地; 食物资源

本文引用格式

秦炜锐 , 刘景怡 , 宋心强 , 付明霞 , 潘翰 , 程勇 , 周材权 , 杨彪 . 大熊猫国家公园荥经片区大熊猫取食竹种地上生物量评估[J]. 兽类学报, 2025 , 45(1) : 108 -118 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150841

Abstract

Evaluating food resources and assessing habitat quality for giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) requires estimating the aboveground biomass of edible bamboo. In the Yingjing area of the Giant Panda National Park (GPNP), we conducted an investigation into the aboveground biomass of different bamboo species across various forest types. This involved employing sampling and harvesting methods to preliminarily estimate the aboveground biomass of bamboo suitable for giant pandas. The findings revealed that aboveground biomass of edible bamboo for giant pandas did not exhibit significant differences across different forest types. However, there was a considerable disparity in the aboveground biomass among various edible bamboo species. Notably, the majority of the aboveground biomass followed the pattern of branches < leaves < stems. In the Yingjing area of the GPNP, the distribution area of giant panda edible bamboo, including Chimonobambusa szechuanensis, Yushania brevipaniculata, Bashania faberi, and Qiongzhuea multigemmia, was as follows: 20 770. 44 hm², 31 549. 34 hm², 30 714. 25 hm², and 23 340. 65 hm², respectively. The total aboveground biomass for each bamboo species was 640 543. 67 t, 177 086. 42 t, 344 601. 63 t, and 152 888. 26 t. Additionally, the energy provided by each square meter of stems and leaves was 16 246. 17 kJ, 3 157. 89 kJ, 7 786. 47 kJ, and 2 814. 41 kJ, respectively. From the perspective of the aboveground biomass of edible bamboo, it can be concluded that, within a specific space and time range, there is no shortage of food source bamboo supply in the study area. The result of this study can offer valuable insights for devising scientifically informed protection and management measures for giant pandas and their habitat.

Key words： Giant panda; Edible bamboo; Biomass; Habitat; Food resources

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