动物在不断地迁移中寻求生存和繁衍。在重层社会中，雌性秦岭川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)会在家庭单元间进行迁移。迁移可能会带来连锁效应，影响社群的稳定性和凝聚力。联属是社会性动物为应对自然社会环境中的挑战形成的一种复杂社会关系。有研究发现雌性迁入会影响家庭成员间的社会联属关系，但雌性迁出的影响尚未明确。为探究雌性迁出与一雄多雌单元(one-male unit,OMU)内个体社会联属之间的关系，本研究以秦岭周至国家级自然保护区内一人工投食川金丝猴群体为研究对象，通过记录其空间近距、行为以及种群的变动情况，分析2017—2019年间的雌性迁出事件，结果表明亲缘关系会影响雌性迁移，雌性迁出后家庭成员间的平均联属强度均会增强(P=0.015,n=9)，但这种联属强度增加并不是由迁出雌性个体属性造成，而是任意雌性迁出后其家庭成员平均联属强度均会增强。主雄任期时长与家庭成员间的联属变化程度呈现显著负相关性(r=-0.677,P < 0.01,n=5)，即主雄任期时间越长，家庭成员间的联属变化程度越小。本研究表明雌性迁出这一行为策略可以有效维持家庭单元内部的稳定，为了解川金丝猴的重层社会提供有用的数据。
Animals continually seek survival and reproduction through migration. In a multi-level society, female golden snub-nosed monkeys migrate between one-male units (OMUs). Such migration may trigger a cascade of effects, impacting the stability and cohesion of the community. Affiliation is a complex social relationship formed by social animals to cope with challenges in both the natural and social environments. Studies have found that the immigration of females can affect the social affiliation relationships among family members, but the impact of female emigration remains unclear. Aiming to establish the relationship between female emigration and social affiliation, we selected provisioned Qinling golden snub-nosed monkeys as research object from 2017 to 2019 by recording their spatial proximity, behavior, and population changes and analyzing female emigration events at Yuhuangmiao village in the Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve in Qinling Mountains, China. The results indicate Kinship can influence female migration, and the average affiliation strength among family members increased after female emigration (Wilcoxon Sign Rank test, P = 0. 015, n = 9). This increase in affiliation strength was not due to the individual attributes of the emigrating females but rather a general enhancement in the average affiliation strength among family members following the emigration of any female. The tenure length of the dominant male and the degree of affiliation change among family members were negatively correlated (Pearson correlation analysis, r = -0. 677, P < 0. 01, n = 5). That is, the longer the tenure of the leader, the smaller the degree of change in the affiliation between family members. Female emigration is an effective behavioral strategy for maintaining internal stability within OMU and may provide valuable data for understanding the multi-level society of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkeys.
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