分布于贵州的一种小麝鼩分类地位的厘定

刘铸; 张璐; 郭秋颖; 张智慧; 蒋纹静; 田新民; 金志民; 张隽晟

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150936

兽类学报 >

2025 , Vol. 45 >Issue 4: 537 - 547

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150936

研究论文

分布于贵州的一种小麝鼩分类地位的厘定

刘铸 ,
张璐 ,
郭秋颖 ,
张智慧 ,
蒋纹静 ,
田新民 ,
金志民 ,
张隽晟

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牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院, 牡丹江 157011

刘铸(1979-)，男，博士，主要从事动物保护及分子生态学研究.

收稿日期: 2024-04-17

修回日期: 2024-12-13

网络出版日期: 2024-12-13

基金资助

牡丹江师范学院科研项目(HX2023004，GP2022009)；黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021C095)；黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(1453QN028)

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Taxonomic status of a small white-toothed shrew (Crocidura sp.) distributed in Guizhou Province

LIU Zhu ,
ZHANG Lu ,
GUO Qiuying ,
ZHANG Zhihui ,
JIANG Wenjing ,
TIAN Xinmin ,
JIN Zhimin ,
ZHANG Junsheng

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College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang 157011, China

Received date: 2024-04-17

Revised date: 2024-12-13

Online published: 2024-12-13

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摘要

2018—2023年，在贵州省毕节市七星关区野角乡和六盘水市杨梅乡慕尼克村采集麝鼩属待鉴定标本(Crocidura sp.)25号。基于线粒体细胞色素b基因构建的系统进化树显示待鉴定标本以100%的置信度聚为一个进化支。待鉴定标本在系统进化树上与五指山小麝鼩(广西)(C. wuchihensis GX)表现出最近的系统进化关系，且以90%的置信度分为明显的2个进化支。待鉴定标本与麝鼩属其他物种的遗传距离范围是0.070 2~0.181 7，其中与五指山小麝鼩(广西)的遗传距离最小(0.070 2)，但明显大于灰麝鼩(C.attenuata)与安徽麝鼩(C. anhuiensis)的遗传距离(0.036 5)、华南中麝鼩(C. rapax)与安徽麝鼩的遗传距离(0.037 6)、台湾长尾麝鼩(C. kurodai)与大麝鼩(C. lasiura)的遗传距离(0.041 0)及华南中麝鼩与灰麝鼩的遗传距离(0.049 0)。待鉴定标本与我国南方已知可能分布的其他麝鼩属小型物种[山东小麝鼩C. shantungensis、印支小麝鼩C. indochinensis、东阳江麝鼩C. dongyangjiangensis、五指山小麝鼩(海南) C. wuchihensis HN和五指山小麝鼩(广西) C. wuchihensis GX]存在一定形态差异。待鉴定标本与已报道的C.ilensis phaeopus形态较为一致。鉴于形态学上有明显区分特征，且分子生物学鉴定结果支持待鉴定标本为物种分类阶元，因此，待鉴定标本之前可能是一个隐存种——暗黑小麝鼩(C.phaeopus)。其区分特征：体型较小(头体长48.1~63.6 mm)，尾较长(尾长31.5~46.9 mm)；颅骨较小(颅全长15.68~16.91 mm，颅基长14.78~15.84 mm，腭长6.43~7.34 mm，上齿列长6.21~6.70 mm，下齿列长6.04~6.69 mm)；背部呈深黑褐色，腹部呈黑灰色；前、后足背面均呈黑褐色。

关键词： 麝鼩属; Cyt b基因; 形态学; 暗黑小麝鼩; 隐存种

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刘铸 , 张璐 , 郭秋颖 , 张智慧 , 蒋纹静 , 田新民 , 金志民 , 张隽晟 . 分布于贵州的一种小麝鼩分类地位的厘定[J]. 兽类学报, 2025 , 45(4) : 537 -547 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150936

Abstract

From 2018 to 2023, 25 unidentified specimens of the genus Crocidura were collected from Yejiao Township, Qixingguan District, Bijie City and Munike Village, Yangmei Township, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province, China. The phylogenetic tree shows the Guizhou specimens clustered in a branch with 100% confidence, based on the mitochondrial Cyt b gene, and were sister to Crocidura wuchihensis GX clade with 90% confidence. The genetic distance between the Guizhou specimens and other species of Crocidura is 0. 070 2 - 0. 181 7. The Guizhou specimens have the smallest genetic distance (0. 070 2) from C. wuchihensis GX. This genetic distance is significantly greater than the genetic distance between C. attenuata and C. anhuiensis (0. 036 5), between C. rapax and C. anhuiensis (0. 037 6), between C. kurodai and C.lasiura (0. 041 0), and between C. rapax and C. attenuata (0. 049 0). There are some morphological differences between the Guizhou specimens and other smaller species of Crocidura, which are known to be possibly distributed in southern China, such as C. shantungensis, C. dongyangjiangensis, C. wuchihensis HN, and C. wuchihensis GX. The morphology of the Guizhou specimens is consistent with that of C. ilensis phaeopus. In view of the obvious distinguishing characteristics in morphology and the molecular results, the Guizhou specimens are treated as a species unit and should be named C. phaeopus. Morphological characteristics of C. phaeopus include small body size (head and body length 48. 1 - 63. 6 mm); long tail (tail length 31. 5 - 46. 9 mm), and small skull (greatest length of skull 15. 68 - 16. 91 mm; condyloincisive length 14. 78 - 15. 84 mm; palatoincisive length 6. 43 - 7. 34 mm; upper toothrow length 6. 21 - 6. 70 mm; lower toothrow length 6. 04 - 6. 69 mm). The dorsum is deep dark brown and the venter is dark gray. The dorsum of the front and back feet is dark brown.

Key words： Crocidura; Cyt b gene; Morphology; Crocidura phaeopus; Cryptic species

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