西藏采集大蹄蝠指名亚种特征描述及亚种分类的探讨

苏浩晖; 刁海欣; 詹夏沁; 何敏怡; 黄泽锋; 吴毅; 林良恭; 陈中正; 蒋学龙; 王晓云; 余文华

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150956

兽类学报 >

2025 , Vol. 45 >Issue 2: 175 - 184

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150956

研究论文

西藏采集大蹄蝠指名亚种特征描述及亚种分类的探讨

苏浩晖 ,
刁海欣 ,
詹夏沁 ,
何敏怡 ,
黄泽锋 ,
吴毅 ,
林良恭 ,
陈中正 ,
蒋学龙 ,
王晓云 ,
余文华

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1 广州大学生命科学学院, 华南生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室, 广州 510006;
2 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 芜湖 241001;
3 东海大学生态与环境研究中心, 台中 40341;
4 中国科学院昆明动物研究所, 遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室, 昆明 650201

苏浩晖(1999-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事动物分类与多样性保护研究.

收稿日期: 2024-05-13

修回日期: 2024-12-31

网络出版日期: 2025-04-01

基金资助

西藏重点区域野生动植物资源调查 (边境地区) 项目 (ZL202203601)；科技部基础专项 (2021FY100303)；广东省动物志编制项目 (202115)；国家自然科学基金 (32192421)

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Characteristics of Hipposideros armiger armiger (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Xizang, and a reevaluation of H. armiger subspecies taxonomy

SU Haohui ,
DIAO Haixin ,
ZHAN Xiaqin ,
HE Minyi ,
HUANG Zefeng ,
WU Yi ,
LIN Lianggong ,
CHEN Zhongzheng ,
JIANG Xuelong ,
WANG Xiaoyun ,
YU Wenhua

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1 Key Laboratory of Conservation and Application in Biodiversity of South China, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
2 School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241001, China;
3 Center for Ecology and Environment, Tunghai University, Taichung 40341, China;
4 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China

Received date: 2024-05-13

Revised date: 2024-12-31

Online published: 2025-04-01

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摘要

大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)隶属于翼手目蹄蝠科，目前划分指名亚种(H.a.armiger)、福建亚种(H.a.fujianensis)、台湾亚种(H.a.terasensis)和越南亚种(H.a.traninhensis)4个亚种，其中前3个亚种在我国广东、云南等16个省区广泛分布，但也有学者对其亚种的有效性存在争议。为进一步明确大蹄蝠的亚种分类状况，本研究以中国区域内最接近模式产地(尼泊尔)的西藏样本为切入点，结合历年采集于各省区的形态学数据和分子序列，对大蹄蝠的亚种分类进行探讨。结果显示，该种外形、头骨特征及测量数据均未发现指名亚种、福建亚种和台湾亚种间存在明显差异；系统发育树提示福建、台湾在内的多地大蹄蝠序列聚为高支持度的一支，未见明显分化，3个亚种间遗传距离仅0.002~0.013；单倍型网络图亦未发现各亚种间存在明显的种群遗传结构与地理差异。基于上述证据，本研究认为中国区域内的大蹄蝠应归为同一亚种——大蹄蝠指名亚种(H.a.armiger)，该结果不仅有助于进一步明确国内大蹄蝠的亚种分类地位，也为深入理解该种的演化历史提供了基础资料。

关键词： 翼手目(蝙蝠); 大蹄蝠; 亚种; 西藏

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苏浩晖 , 刁海欣 , 詹夏沁 , 何敏怡 , 黄泽锋 , 吴毅 , 林良恭 , 陈中正 , 蒋学龙 , 王晓云 , 余文华 . 西藏采集大蹄蝠指名亚种特征描述及亚种分类的探讨[J]. 兽类学报, 2025 , 45(2) : 175 -184 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150956

Abstract

Hipposideros armiger (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) is traditionally categorized into four recognized subspecies: H. a. armiger, H. a. fujianensis, H. a. terasensis, and H. a. traninhensis. In China, the first three subspecies are known to be widely distributed across 16 provinces. However, the validity of this subspecies classifacation is still debated. In order to reassess and clarify the subspecies classification status of H. armiger, based on samples recently collected from Xizang, which are geographically close to the type locality in Nepal, we integrated morphological and molecular data and evidences from samples from various provinces. Our findings indicate a lack of significant morphological and cranial metric differences among H. a. armiger, H. a. fujianensis, and H. a. terasensis. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that sequences from China forming a well-supported distinct lineage, with sequences from Fujian and Taiwan nested within this lineage. The genetic distances among the three subspecies are minimal, ranging from 0. 002 to 0. 013.The haplotype network analysis also reveals no significant population genetic structure or geographic differences among three subspecies. The morphological and molecular evidence presented herein supports the reclassification of H. armiger in China as a single subspecies, H. a. armiger. This results not only clarifies the subspecies classification of H. armiger in China, but also provides foundational data for future research on phylogeography and conservation status.

Key words： Chiroptera(bats); Hipposideros armiger(Greater leaf-nosed bat); Subspecies; Xizang

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