Hibernation plays a vital role in the reproductive success and sustainability of bat populations. Prior studies have recognized the artificial channel tunnels in Jiyuan, Henan, as important hibernation habitats for bats, with annual increases in hibernating populations and variations in hibernation patterns. Nonetheless, the extent of dynamic fluctuations in species composition and individual numbers of hibernating bats during hibernation remains uncertain. To address this, we conducted four surveys assessing the population dynamics of hibernating bats in this region from November 2023 to February 2024. Although historical data indicated a consistent upward trend in hibernating populations, our monitoring from 2023 to 2024 revealed no significant increase in the overall population. Notably, there was a shift in species composition: Murina aurata was absent, while Rhinolophus episcopus was newly recorded. The proportion of bat numbers among different bat species showed minimal fluctuation, with R. nippon remaining the predominant species, followed by R. pusillus. The population demonstrated consistent fluctuations during the hibernation period, with overall numbers remaining stable in November and December, peaking in January, and reaching their lowest point in February. Spatially, the proportion of hibernating individuals in areas with low-temperature fluctuations, located less than 30 meters from the cave entrance, decreased from a historical 20. 0% to 7. 8%. The hibernating population of R. pusillus demonstrated considerable variability, indicating a preference for warmer areas. Notably, the extreme cold wave events from December 2023 to February 2024 exacerbated microclimate fluctuations at the cave entrance, prompting spatial redistribution and adjustments in the population dynamics of hibernating bats. Our subsequent investigations revealed that numbers of hibernating bats undergo dynamic changes, with both population size and habitat selection during hibernation may be influenced by changes in external environmental conditions. These findings enhance the ecological understanding of bat hibernation in China and provide scientific evidence on the impact of extreme environmental conditions on hibernating bat populations.
Chen H R, Lin J Y, Liu X R F, Chen M X, Xue Y F. 2024. Analysis of the causes of extremely cold wave weather in East Asia in Decem ber 2023 against the background of El Niño. Journal of Agricul tural Catastrophology, 14 (10):121-124. (in Chinese)
Crichton E G, Krutzsch P H. 2000. Reproductive Biology of Bats.Pittsburgh:Academic Press.
Gong X Y, Huang T F, Wu T, Zhang Y X, Peng Q Z, Liu Z X. 2018.Investigation into roosting ecology of Myotis altarium. Acta Eco logica Sinica, 38 (21):7549-7556. (in Chinese)
Gong X Y, Huang T F, Wu T, Zhang Y X, Peng Q Z, Liu Z X. 2019.Roosting ecology of Rhinolophus pearsoni in the Wuling Moun tains of South China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 39 (15):5718-5724. (in Chinese)
Gong X Y. 2019. Roosting ecological characteristics and related func tional morphological comparison of three typical species of bats in the Wuling Mountains. Master thesis. Jishou:Jishou Univer isty. (in Chinese)
Guan S J, Yang M. 2009. Hypometabolism in mammals and the poten tial applications. Journal of Shenyang Normal University (Natu ral Science Edition), 28 (2):262-265. (in Chinese)
Huang T F, Peng L, Wu T, Gong X Y, Wang M, Zhang Y X, Liu Z X. 2016. Preliminary investigation into habitat-point selection of Rhinolophus luctus during hibernation. International Journal of Ecology, 5 (3):57-66. (in Chinese)
Li X X, Cui H Y, Chen B X, Zhang Z Q, Li P. 2024. Discussion on reasons and mechanisms of the extreme cold waves in eastern China in January 2021 and 2024. Coastal Engineering, 43 (2):116-128. (in Chinese)
Liang R J, Dong Y W. 1985. Preliminary investigation of the ecology of the Nyctalus noctula velutinus. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 5 (1):11-15. (in Chinese)
Liu S, Dai W T, Yin X J, Leng H X, Zhu Y, Jiang T L. 2022. A pre limiary study on hivernating ecological characteristics of seven bat species in tunnels of an artificial canal in Jiyuan, Henan Prov ince. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42 (7):2605-2613. (in Chinese)Johnson J S, Blomberg A S, Boyles J G, Lilley T M. 2021. The winter worries of bats:past and present perspectives on winter habitat and management of cave hibernating bats. In:Lim B K, Fenton M B, Brigham R M, Mistry S, Kurta A, Gillam E H, Russell A, Ortega J, eds. 50 Years of Bat Research:Foundations and New Frontiers. Cham:Springer, 209-221.Jonasson K A, Willis C K. 2011. Changes in body condition of hiber nating bats support the thrifty female hypothesis and predict con sequences for populations with white-nose syndrome. PLoS ONE, 6 (6). DOI:10. 1371/journal. pone. 0021061.
Mammola S, Piano E, Cardoso P, Vernon P, Domínguez-Villar D, Cul ver D C, Pipan T, Isaia M. 2019. Climate change going deep:the effects of global climatic alterations on cave ecosystems. The An thropocene Review, 6 (1/2):98-116.
Pfeiffer B, Mayer F. 2013. Spermatogenesis, sperm storage and repro ductive timing in bats. Journal of Zoology, 289 (2):77-85.
van Schaik J, Janssen R, Bosch T, Haarsma A J, Dekker J J A, Krans tauber B. 2015. Bats swarm where they hibernate:compositional similarity between autumn swarming and winter hibernation as semblages at five underground sites. PLoS ONE, 10 (7). DOI:10. 1371/journal. pone. 0130850.
Wang Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Du J, Xiao Y, Guo D, Liu S. 2024. Adapt ing to stress:The effects of hibernation and hibernacula tempera ture on the hepatic transcriptome of Rhinolophus pusillus. The FASEB Journal, 38 (3). DOI:10. 1096/fj. 202301646R.
Yan X, Meng R D, Zhang D, Weng J Q, Liu Q L, Jiang F J, Shi H Y. 2015. Physiological characteristics and eco-habits of Nyctalus plancyi during hibernation. Journal of Mianyang Normal Univer sity, 34 (8):80-87. (in Chinese)
Yu X D, Fei H Y, Wang X M. 2024. Some issues concerning the large area rainstorm, snowstorm, sleet, freezing rain and severe convec tion event over China from 17 to 23 February 2024. Meteorologi cal Monthly, 50 (9):1033-1042. (in Chinese)
刘森, 戴文涛, 尹香菊, 冷海霞, 朱越, 江廷磊. 2022. 河南济源人工引水渠隧道蝙蝠冬眠生态学特征. 生态学报, 42 (7):2605-2613.
严雪, 孟仁丹, 张丹, 翁家琴, 刘琪利, 姜帆娟, 石红艳. 2015. 中华山蝠冬眠期间生理特性及生态习性. 绵阳师范学院学报, 34 (8):80-87.
李欣轩, 崔红艳, 陈宝旭, 张子群, 李品. 2024. 2021 年 1 月与 2024 年 1 月我国东部极端寒潮发生原因及机制探讨. 海岸工程, 43(2):116-128.
陈黄荣, 林佳莹, 刘潇芮菲, 陈媚霞, 薛宇峰. 2024. El Niño 背景下 2023 年 12 月东亚地区超冷寒潮天气的成因分析. 农业灾害研究, 14 (10):121-124.
俞小鼎, 费海燕, 王秀明. 2024. 2024 年 2 月 17-23 日中国大范围强寒潮雨雪冰冻强对流过程涉及的若干问题. 气象, 50 (9):1033-1042.
黄太福, 彭乐, 吴涛, 龚小燕, 王敏, 张佑祥, 刘志霄. 2016. 大菊头蝠冬眠期栖点选择的初步调查. 世界生态学, 5 (3):57-66.
龚小燕, 黄太福, 吴涛, 张佑祥, 彭清忠, 刘志霄. 2018. 西南鼠耳蝠(Myotis altarium) 栖息生态学. 生态学报, 38 (21):7549-7556.
龚小燕, 黄太福, 吴涛, 张佑祥, 彭清忠, 刘志霄. 2019. 皮氏菊头蝠(Rhinolophus pearsoni) 的栖息生态特征. 生态学报, 39 (15):5718-5724.
龚小燕. 2019. 武陵山地区三种代表性蝙蝠的栖息生态特征及相关的功能形态比较. 吉首:吉首大学硕士学位论文.
梁仁济, 董永文. 1985. 绒山蝠生态的初步调查. 兽类学报, 5 (1):11-15.
管淑君, 杨明. 2009. 哺乳动物的低代谢及其应用. 沈阳师范大学学报 (自然科学版), 28 (2):262-265.
青公网安备 63010402000199号 青ICP备05000010号-2
